【作者】 林凡聪；

【导师】 刘玉存；

【作者基本信息】 中北大学 ， 军事化学与烟火技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以自行选育培养的白腐真菌W.X和起爆药二硝基重氮酚（DDNP）生产废水为研究对象，研究了白腐真菌的培养、驯化和固定化，以及利用固定化白腐真菌处理经铁碳微电解预处理的DDNP生产废水，重点研究了白腐真菌W.X的固定化以及固定化白腐真菌W.X对DDNP生产废水的处理条件和降解能力。选育、培养和驯化了能有效降解DDNP生产废水的白腐真菌W.X，通过实验确定了W.X菌的生长周期；固定化实验确定了海藻酸钠包埋法和聚乙烯醇（PVA）交联法固定化白腐真菌的最佳条件：（1）海藻酸钠包埋法的最佳条件：3%海藻酸钠、0.3%硅藻土和3%菌液混合，用恒流泵(12mL·min^-1)滴加到3%CaCl₂溶液中，pH值取自然状态。（2）PVA交联法的最佳条件：8%PVA和3%菌液混合，用恒流泵(8mL·min^-1)滴加到含2%CaCl₂的饱和硼酸溶液中，用Na₂CO₃调节交联剂的pH值至6.7，PVA中的添加剂有：0.8%海藻酸钠、0.8%活性碳粉、0.3%CaCO₃、2%SiO₂。固定化白腐真菌W.X对铁碳微电解预处理后DDNP废水的实验条件为：进水浓度（COD）≤800mg·L^-1、pH=5、固定化小球投加量200g·L^-1、RT=5d、30℃恒温振荡摇床（140rpm）处理；五种固定化方法对DDNP处理效果的优劣是：活性炭固定化> PVA固定化>花生壳固定化>海藻酸钠固定化>木屑固定化；5d后COD去除率可达83.7%，脱色率达92.5%。经过中和销爆—水解酸化—铁碳微电解—调节生化进水浓度—固定化W.X菌处理，DDNP废水色度由62500倍降到100倍左右，脱色率达99.9%，COD由原水的29481.6m·L^-1降到129.9mg·L^-1～180.9mg·L^-1，COD去除率也可达99%，pH约为6，出水水质基本满足《兵器工业水污染物排放标准（火工药剂）》（GB14470.2—2002）中规定的DDNP废水排放标准。本研究为生化法处理DDNP生产废水及其他炸药生产废水提供了应用基础，也为白腐真菌固定化技术在火炸药生产废水等高浓度难降解有机废水方面的应用提供了借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, self-breeding culture of white rot fungi WX and explosivediazodinitrophenel （DDNP） wastewater as the research object, studied the white rot fungusculture, domestication and immobilized, and treatment the pretreatment DDNP wastewater bythe Fe-C micro-electrolysis using of immobilized white-rot fungus, focusing on theimmobilized of white-rot fungi WX and the treatment conditions and degradation of theDDNP wastewater by the immobilized white-rot fungi WX.Breeding out, cultivated and domesticated of white rot fungus WX which could beefficiently degrade DDNP wastewater, determined the growth cycle of W.X fungi by theexperiment; Immobilized experiments confirmed the optimal conditions of sodium alginateembedding method and polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） crosslinking method immobilized white-rotfungus:（1）The optimal conditions of sodium alginate embedding method:3% sodium alginate, 0.3% diatomite and 3% fungi mixed with each other, then trickledonto the 3% CaCl₂ solution with constant flow pump(the flow rate was12mL·min^-1) , naturalstate of pH value.（2）The optimal conditions of polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） crosslinking method:8% polyvinyl alcohol and 3% fungi mixed with each other, then trickled onto thesaturated boric acid solution contained 2% CaCl₂ with constant flow pump (the flow rate was8mL·min^-1), adjusting the pH value of crosslinker to 6.7 using of Na₂CO₃, the additives ofPVA contained 0.8% sodium alginate, 0.8% active carbon powder, 0.3%CaCO₃、2%SiO₂.The experiment conditions of treatment the pretreatment DDNP wastewater by the Fe-Cmicro-electrolysis using of immobilized white-rot fungus were: influent concentration （COD）≤800mg·L^-1, pH = 5, immobilized globule dosage 200g·L^-1, RT = 5d, 30℃constanttemperature oscillation shaker （the revolution of shaking table was 140rpm） treatment; the quality of the effect on DDNP treatment by the five immobilization method was: activatedcarbon immobilized>PVA immobilized>peanut shell immobilized>sodium alginateimmobilization>sawdust immobilized; After five days, COD removal rate reached 83.7%, thedecolorization rate was 92.5%.After five steps of treatment, which were neutralization and explosion elimination,hydrolytic acidification, Fe-C micro-electrolysis, regulating the influent concentration ofbiochemical treatment （diluted five times）, and treatment by immobilized W.X fungi, the colorof DDNP wastewater down to 100 times from 62500 times, decolorization rate was 99.9%,COD down to 129.9mg·L^-1～180.9mg·L^-1 from 29481.6m·L^-1 of the raw water, CODremoval rate could be reach 99%. pH value was about 6, effluent quality basically meet theDDNP wastewater discharge standards for water pollutants from ordnance industry initiatingexplosive material and relative composition（GB14470.2—2002）.The research provided the basis of the application for biochemical treatment DDNPwastewater and other explosive wastewater, and it also provide a reference for the applicationof immobilized white-rot fungi technology in explosives and other high-concentration andhardly degradable organic wastewater.更多还原