【作者】 许宏亮；

【导师】 杨天鸿；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 采矿工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 地下矿床开采必然形成采空区,而采空区的形成,使周边一定范围的岩体应力重新分布,导致岩石变形、破坏和移动,成为生产的安全隐患。随着国内一部分矿山进入深部开采,由采空区引起的地压问题更加突出。本文总结归纳了国内外采空区分类情况以及采空区处理的主要方法,详细阐述了采空区处理的几个关键问题。提出隔离矿柱的概念,并对隔离矿柱的作用、影响因素、适用条件等进行详细阐述。依据桓仁铅锌矿实际情况,对不同情况下留设隔离矿柱方案进行分析讨论,为矿山安全生产提供依据。本文的主要研究内容如下：(1)对桓仁铅锌矿的两个生产坑口(向阳坑和松兰坑)现有的采空区进行现场详细调查,查清了对矿山深部开采有影响的大型采空区的暴露面积、暴露时间、最大跨度等详细信息。(2)通过大量的岩石力学试验及对已有采空区失稳破坏情况的反演分析,确定了主要岩石力学参数。(3)依据桓仁铅锌矿实际情况,确定隔离矿柱留设方案,应用三维FLAC软件,对隔离矿柱多种留设方案进行对比分析,确定了确保深部安全开采的隔离矿柱的主要结构参数。(4)依据松兰坑下部全面法开采的实际情况,通过数值模拟分析,确定合理的全面法采矿结构参数。(5)依据已经确定的隔离矿柱留设方案,通过应力场分析,确定了应力集中和可能的破坏区位置,提出针对性的地压监测方案,保证矿山安全生产。更多还原

【Abstract】 The mine-out area, which is inevitably experienced during undergoudn mining, may lead to the stress redistribution in the surrounding rockmass, the deformation, failure and statra movement, and thereore it is one of potential safety problems in mines. As the undergoung mine goes deep, the ground pressure problems caused by mined-out area become more prominent.Based on the summary of main categories of mine-out area and their processing methods, several key related issues are discussed. The basic function, influential factors and applicable conditions of isolation pillar are summaried, and based on actual situation of Huanren lead-zinc mine, the layout of the isolation pillar under different circumstances is presented, which lays the basis for the mining safety. The main work is as follows::(1)The existing mined-out areas in the two stopes of huanren mining are investigated in detail, and based on which, the details of the large mined-out area that may influence the deep mining, such as exposed area, the exposure time and the largest span, are understood.(2)Through a large amount of rock mechanics test and the comprehensive analysis on the instability damage of the existing mined-out area, the main rock mechanics parameters are determined.(3) According to the actual situation at Huanren lead-zinc mine, the schemes of the isolation pillars are determined. By utilizing the three-dimensional FLAC software, a variety of selected schems for isolation pillars are compared and analyzed to determine the structural parameters of the isolation pillar in order for ensuring the safety of deep mining.(4) Based on the actual situation of the longwall mining method in songlan stope, by using the numerical simulation analysis, the reasonable structural parameters of this mining method are determined.(5) According to the stress analysis of the isolation pillars that have been selected, the location where the stress concentration and possible damage may occur, are determined. The ground pressure monitoring measures to ensure the mining safety are put forward更多还原