【作者】 高金巍；

【导师】 王旭；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 电路与系统， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着现代制造业的飞速发展,数控系统被广泛应用于现代加工业。数控系统是一种控制系统。它自动输入载体上预先给定的数字量,并将其译码,再进行必要的信息处理和运算后,控制机床动作和加工零件。本文首先在PC(Personal Computer)机上,采用Turbo C软件完成了对数控系统基本功能的模拟。包括对数控语言的翻译、界面的开发、点插补、直线插补、圆弧顺时针插补、圆弧逆时针插补、坐标的跟踪、主轴正转与反转、车刀进给速度的控制以及最终程序的退出等等。整个系统通过PC机显示,控制并口输出高低电平。然后,在PC机上仿真并设计了一款以DSP(Digital Signal Processor)为主控单元的数控系统。将在PC机上完成的仿真算法移植到DSP芯片当中,在芯片中完成界面实现的相关算法。首先,设计了数控系统的硬件电路,其中包括DSP的最小系统电路、电源模块、串口通信模块、外围电路。其中外围电路包括：电机接口电路、译码电路、中断电路、编码器脉冲差分接收电路、时钟电路。其次,为提高硬件集成度和可靠性,运用CPLD(Complex Programmable Device)进行了系统集成性开发,并作为主控芯片外围电路的核心部件。系统主要运用CPLD进行原理图设计的方法来完成编码器四倍频鉴向电路和30位的计数电路的功能,并在QuartusⅡ中进行了仿真。结合前面设计的系统以及PC机界面仿真,针对刀具中心控制存在的刀具半径补偿问题,本文采用matlab软件对刀具半径补偿算法进行系统的研究。基于刀具半径补偿原理,在matlab中仿真并实现了一种新型的刀具半径补偿算法,该算法能有效剔除在缩短型刀具半径补偿情况下产生的冗余刀位点。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of modern manufacturing, Numerical control system has been widely used in modern processing industry. NC (numerical control) system is a control system; it inputs the digital automatically which has been assigned in advance and decoded. After processing and computing necessary information, it controls machine to process parts.Firstly, this paper achieves the basic functions of numerical control system simulation using Turbo C software based on PC, including NC languages translation, interface development, point interpolation, linear interpolation, circular interpolation clockwise, counterclockwise circular interpolation, tracking coordinates, principal axis rotate and reversal, speed control, exiting from the final program and so on. The system displayed by PC, and puts out signal from parallel port.In view of the simulation base on PC, design numerical control system whose control unit is based on DSP, transplant algorithm into DSP Firstly, the hardware of the NC system is designed, including the minimum system DSP circuits, power modules, serial communication module and peripheral circuits which include electromotor interface circuit, coding circuit, interrupt circuit, currency I/O interface circuit, and encoder impulse difference incept circuit and lock circuit. Secondly, in order to improve the integration and reliability of the hardware, CPLD is used to develop the system as a cential part of peripheral circuit. Use CPLD to design the schematic diagram to finish the coder’s four times frequency circuit and 30 bits count circuit. At last, the system is simulated by Quartus II.Combined with the former designed system and simulation on PC, according to the problem of tool radius compensation, the algorithm is researched though matlab. Based on the theory of tool radius compensation, an improved algorithm is simulated and realized in matlab, which can remove redundant points in the case of shortening tool radius compensation.更多还原