【作者】 何强；

【导师】 陈华兴；

【作者基本信息】 浙江财经学院 ， 马克思主义中国化研究， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来,我国为适应市场经济和社会主义现代化建设的需要,一直在不断地对政府机构进行改革。2006年10月,中国共产党第十六届六中全会通过《关于构建社会主义和谐社会若干重大问题的决定》,明确提出“建设服务型政府,强化社会管理和公共服务职能”的主张。自此,服务型政府正式成为我国近期政府机构改革与建设的主要方向。本文欲从有限政府思想出发,通过对有限政府思想的介绍,结合我国政府机构改革的历史经验,探索有限政府思想对我国服务型政府建设的启示。全文共分为四大部分。具体框架如下:第一部分是对有限政府思想进行总体介绍。有限政府思想经过数百年的发展,大体上形成了哲学、经济学和政治思想三股渊源。其中,有限政府思想的哲学渊源包括自然权利理论、人性幽暗理论和有限“理性”理论等三个部分。有限政府思想的经济学渊源则是从政府与市场关系出发,有两种相反的主张:一是迷信市场万能,二是对政府能力的怀疑——政府失灵。有限政府思想的政治思想渊源则是从规范政府权力运行的角度出发,设计出限制政府权力的制度来使政府更好地为人民服务。第二部分主要是结合有限政府理论,从主客体两个角度审视有限政府思想。从主体角度看,有限政府自身应该是权力、能力、规模、责任等方面有限的政府模式。从客体角度看,有限政府应该是受到政治制度、法律制度和公民社会等各方面约束的政府。接着本小节还介绍了有限政府思想在英美等发达国家的政治实践。第三部分主要回顾了我国改革开放以来的历次政府机构改革,总结出我国政府机构改革过程中总是存在着两个难以克服的现象,即政府机构陷入“精简——膨胀——再精简——再膨胀”的恶性循环和严重的腐败现象。而这两个难以克服的现象是由于我国政府治理理念不够科学、政府职能定位不尽合理、约束机制不太完善等原因造成的。第四部分是本文的结论部分,经过前三部分对有限政府理论的介绍和对我国政府机构中现存的问题进行分析,结合有限政府思想,提出对我国服务型政府建设的几点启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article starts from the limited government ideology. Through the introduction of this ideology and our historical experience of reforms in government institutions, the author explores enlightenments of limited government ideology for our service-oriented government building. The full-text is divided into four major sections. Specific framework is as follows.The first section is a general overview of limited government ideology. After several hundred years of development, it divides into three parts: the halophyte part.the economics part and the political thinking part. The philosophy part includes natural rights theory, evil humanity theory and limited "rational" theory. The economics part consists of two opposite ideas: the blind faith in market omnipotent and suspicion in the ability of government-government failures. The political part starting from the point of regulating the government power, designs to restrict government power to enable the government to better serve the people.The second section is to look into the limited government ideology from two angles.Form the principal point of view, the limited government itself should be a mode of limited power, ability, size and responsibilities from the object point of view. It should be subject to political system, legal system and civil society. Then this part also describes the political practice of limited government in other developed countries.The third section gives a major review of government institution reforms, There are two phenomena which are always difficult to overcome: The vicious circle of "streamlining-expansion-further streamlining-further expansion" and serious corruption.The fourth section is the conclusion part. Through the introduction of limited government theory and analysis of current problems in government institutions, the author presents some enlightenments and suggestions for our service-oriented government building.更多还原