【作者】 叶蕾；

【导师】 黎烈荣；

【作者基本信息】 湖北中医药大学 ， 中医妇科学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 一、研究目的研究发现,很多疾病的发生与个性有关,一个人的个性、心理类型虽然不能决定一个人的健康,疾病情况,但它对人的生理,病理等确有一定程度的影响。绝经过渡期女性研究是绝经医学中的一个新领域,我们选择绝经过渡期女性作为研究对象,期望对该时期女性人格及心理健康状况做出调查分析,并与全国女性常模进行比较,分析其主流性格、基本健康状况,并对人格与心理健康之间的相关性进行分析。将具有中医特色的阴阳五态性格具体分型与现代医学联系起来,特别是与心理相关问题联系起来,进一步探讨人体阴阳比例倾向的不同对人的外显行为模式及心理健康的影响,为制定提高绝经过渡期女性心理健康和生活质量干预措施提供依据,以便能及早和有针对性地对易发生症状的妇女进行心理咨询与保健,帮助他们提高自我调节的能力,以免因心理问题导致躯体问题的发生或加重。二、研究方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,以武汉市区35岁以上的未绝经女性人群作为调查对象,采用问卷调查方式,使用五态性格测验表、艾森克人格问卷量表(EPQ)、90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)和一般资料问卷对绝经过渡期女性进行调查。分析武汉市区绝经过渡期女性五态性格特征、艾森克人格特征及心理健康状态,最后将以上三个量表之间进行相关及回归分析。三、研究结果①武汉市区绝经过渡期女性SCL-90在躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性、其它项目等各因子得分均高于国内女性常模,其中躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑因子、其它项目因子分差异非常显著(P<0.01)；敏感及恐怖因子得分明显低于常模(P<0.01),差异具有极显著性。②五态性格测试量表各维度中,太阳型、少阴型人格维度得分明显低于常模组,而太阴型人格维度得分明显高于常模组,差异具有高度统计学意义(p<0.01)。③艾森克人格E分、L分明显低于国内女性常模、N分显著高于常模(P<0.01)。④神经质(N分)与太阳、太阴呈正相关,与阴阳和平呈负相关(P<0.01)；精神质(P分)与太阳呈正相关(P<0.01)；内外倾性(E分)与太阳、少阳呈正相关(P<0.01),与太阴、少阴呈负相关(P<0.01),具有高度统计学意义。⑤太阴型人格与心理健康的10个因子均呈显著性正相关,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；阴阳和平型人格与心理健康的各个因子除躯体化外均呈负相关,统计学意义显著(除其它项目外P<0.01)；少阳型人格与心理健康的各个因子中除偏执、其它项目外均呈负相关,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；少阴型人格与心理健康的六个因子“躯体状、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、其它症状等”表现为负相关(除恐怖因子外P<0.01),具有统计学意义；太阳型人格与心理健康的四个因子“敌对、偏执、精神病性、其它项目等”表现为显著正相关(P<0.01),与三个因子“人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑”表现为显著负相关(P<0.01),具有高度统计学意义。⑥EPQ评定结果各维度中P分和N分与SCL-90各因子均呈显著正相关(P<0.01)；L分与各因子呈显著负相关(除与恐怖相关系数P<0.05外其余P<0.01)。⑦艾森克人格特征与心理健康多元回归分析显示,情绪稳定性(N分)、精神质(P分)、掩饰倾向(L)是影响心理健康的重要因素。⑧五态性格测试量表中各维度与心理健康多元回归分析显示,太阳、少阴、太阴型人格对心理健康影响较大。四、结论①武汉市区绝经过渡期女性心理健康状况差于国内女性总体水平,其突出的心理问题主要表现在躯体化、强迫症状、焦虑和抑郁情绪。②太阴型性格是绝经过渡期女性的主流性格。③武汉市区绝经过渡期女性存在情绪不稳定的人格特征。④人格特征与心理健康存在明显的相关关系,并可在某种程度上影响心理健康状况,通过测查人格来反映心理健康水平是可能的。更多还原

【Abstract】 ObjectiveThe study found that the incidence of many diseases and personality related, although a person’s psychological types can not decide a person’s health, disease, but it’s physiology, pathology, etc. do have a certain impact. Menopausal transition research is post-menopausal women, a new field of medicine, we have chosen menopausal transition women as object of study, expectations of women in five states in the period of personality, Eysenck personality and mental health to make investigation and analysis, and with the national norm comparison, analysis of its main character, basic health status, and to have three kinds of scale necessary link between the intrinsic analysis; The yin and yang, five-state character, typing a specific link with modern medicine, especially with the psychological related issues linked to the proportion of yin and yang of the human tendency of different human behavior patterns explicit the impact of the transition period for the development of women desperate to improve mental health and the quality of life provide the basis for interventions to enable early and targeted for women prone to symptoms of psychological counseling and health care, helping them to improve the capacity of self-regulation, so as to avoid psychological problems caused or aggravated the incidence of physical problems.MethordsA cluster random sampling method to over 35 rural and urban areas of Wuhan, Hubei Province Chinese Medicine Hospital in the gynecological outpatient clinic or a medical examination of the non-menopausal female population for the survey, using a questionnaire survey method, using five-state personality questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Scale Questionnaire (EPQ),90 Symptom Checklist (SCL 190) and general information questionnaire (including age, occupation and level of education, etc.) on menopausal women, to investigate the transition period. Analysis of Wuhan City, five women in menopausal transition-state personality, Eysenck Personality characteristics and mental health status, and finally the above three indicators,22 correlation.Results1 Wuhan Urban menopausal transition in women’s SCL-90 somatization, obsessive compulsive, depression, anxiety, psychosis, other projects and other factor scores were higher than the norm of women, including somatization, obsession, depression, anxiety factor, Other projects significant difference (P<0.01); sensitive and terror factor score was significantly lower than the norm (P<0.01), difference was significant.5-state scale of the dimension of personality tests in the sun type, Shao-based, lunar-based and other personality dimension scores were significantly lower than the control group, the difference was significant (p<0.01).2 Five states in all dimensions scale test of character, the Tya-personality, Sya-personality scores significantly lower than the norm, and Tyi-type of personality scores significantly higher than the norm, the difference is highly statistically significant.3 Eysenck Personality E points, L scores were lower than the national female norm, N were significantly higher than the norm。4 Neuroticism (N points) with the Tya, the Tyi was positively correlated and with the yin and yang, the peace was a negative correlation (P<0.01); psychoticism (P min) and the sun was positively correlated (P<0.01); external extraversion (E min) and the Tya, Sya was positively correlated (P<0.01), and Syi, Tyi was a negative correlation (P<0.01), with a high degree of statistical significance.5 Tyi-personality and mental health of the 10 factors showed significant positive correlation was statistically significant (P<0.05); Yy personality and mental health of all factors except somatization were negatively related, statistically significant (among other items, P<0.01); Sya-personality and mental health factors, in addition to bigotry in all the other items showed a negative correlation was significant (P<0.05); Syi-personality and mental health six-factor "body shape, hostility, phobia, paranoid, psychotic, other symptoms such as" negatively correlated (except phobic outside P<0.01), with statistical significance; Tya-personality and mental health of the four factors " hostility, paranoia, psychosis, and other projects, "showed significant positive correlation (P<0.01), and the three factors, " interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, "showed a significant negative correlation (P<0.01), with a high degree of statistical significance. 6 EPQ assessment results in various dimensions of P points and N points and the SCL-90 factors were significantly positively correlated (P<0.01); L points and the factor was a significant negative correlation (correlation coefficient than with the terror P<0.05, the others P<0.01).7 Eysenck Personality and Mental Health Multiple regression analysis showed that emotional stability (N points), psychoticism (P min), tend to cover up (L) is an important factor affecting mental health.8 Five states in all dimensions scale test of character and mental health Multiple regression analysis showed that the Tya, Syi, Tyi-personality greater impact on mental health.Conclusion1 Wuhan Urban menopausal transition mental health of women is worse than the overall level of domestic women, the psychological problems of their prominent mainly in the somatization, obsessive compulsive, anxiety and depression.2 Syi-type character is the mainstream women’s menopausal transition character.3 In Wuhan City, the urban and rural women in menopausal transition there is emotional unstable personality characteristics.4 Personality characteristics and mental health there exists an obvious relationship, and may in some degree mental health conditions.更多还原