【作者】 薛丹；

【导师】 陈金林；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 土壤学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 在福建省安溪县生态茶园进行土壤施硒和叶面喷硒试验,研究不同硒源对土壤、乌龙茶叶硒含量的影响,主要研究结果如下:1、叶面喷施对土壤全硒和水溶性硒无明显影响,而土壤施用硒肥2个月后,施硒400g/hm2、700g/hm2、1000g/hm2和1300g/hm2的土壤含硒量较对照显著增加,其中,施硒1000g/hm2的处理增硒效果最佳,比对照增加2.31~2.52倍。秋茶和春茶的2次施肥作用的变化趋势基本相同。2、茶园施用硒肥对杂草及周边溪流水体的影响不同。茶园施硒后,茶园杂草硒含量均有较大提高,且叶面喷硒区的增加量大于土壤施硒区,但茶园施硒对周边杂草和溪水环境尚未造成影响。3、茶园土壤施硒后,土壤施硒400g/hm2、700g/hm2、1000g/hm2、1300g/hm2的处理茶叶含硒量较对照显著提高,且随着施硒量和土壤中含硒量的增加,茶叶吸收和保存的硒量也随之增加,但增加幅度逐渐降低,施硒1000g/hm2和1300g/hm2的茶叶含硒量已经接近富硒茶的含硒标准(≥0.3 ug/g)。茶叶的有机硒占全硒量的73.8%～87.3%,茶汤含硒量存在较大差异,变化在0.030～0.103 ug/100ml,但各处理茶叶硒的浸出率相差不大,变化在15.2%～17.2%。4、叶面喷硒对茶叶的富硒效果较土壤施硒为好,喷硒适用于春、秋季富硒乌龙茶的生产。喷硒50g/hm2、70g/hm2、90g/hm2、110g/hm2均能显著提高茶叶含硒量,其中,喷硒90g/hm2的富硒效果最为理想;茶叶含硒量随喷硒后的时间增加而下降。喷硒后的第15 d至22 d茶叶含硒量高且附着硒极少,因此,喷硒时间应控制在采摘期前15 d至22 d为宜。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through the experiments of soil applied with sodium selenium and spraying sodium selenium in tea leaves in the ecology tea garden in Anxi country of Fujian province, studied the effects on the selenium content of soil and oolong tea from different methods of selenium. The main contents and conclusions as follows:1. Comparing with little effect of leaf-spraying way, two months’sodium selenium fertilization to the soil obviously increased the on selenium contents of soil by soil applying sodium selenite at 400, 700, 1000 and 1300g/hm2, and the best treatment was soil applying sodium selenite at 1000g/hm2, it was increased by 2.31 to 2.52 times as CK. Then there was no difference in the selenium content of soil and oolong tea between autumn and spring.2. Sodium selenium fertilization had different effects on grass and water sheds around the tea garden, which favored in improving selenium content of grass, and the improvement for leaf-spraying was better than that for soil fertilization. There was no pollution left.3. After applied sodium selenium to the soil, the selenium content of tea by soil applying sodium selenite at 400, 700, 1000 and 1300g/hm2 were all increased obviously, while there was a positive correlative relation between the contents of selenium fertilizer and the soil selenium as well as the oolong tea‘s ability in selenium absorbing and conserving , but with a narrowing-down increase range. As for tea selenium content of treatment by soil applying sodium selenite at 1000 and 1300g/hm2, both of them had nearly researched the standard of Se-enriched tea(≥0.3 ug/g). The organic selenium of tea accounted 73.8%～87.3% of the total. There was a big different range between 0.030～0.103 ug/100ml for selenium content of tea infusion, but the dissolved rate for selenium content of tea was between15.2%～17.2%.4. The leaf-spraying helped in Se-enriching, which was feasible for production of Se-enriched oolong tea. leaf-spraying for spraying 50g/hm2、70g/hm2、90g/hm2、110g/hm2 could improve the tea selenium content enormously, and best for the treatment 8 (90 g/hm2); the tea selenium content became lower with the time went by and that for the time during 15th day～22th day was high, but the addictive Se is little, so the spraying time could be controlled in the range of early 15 days or 22 days.更多还原