【作者】 艾国志；

【导师】 于强；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（空间科学与应用研究中心） ， 计算机应用技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 煤作为一次能源,在燃烧过程产生大量的NOx,NOx的过量排放对环境造成重大污染。如何降低NOx排放,已经成为一个全球关注的焦点。本文以提高煤粉燃烧效率,降低碳排放为目的,着眼于通过在空间微重力环境下进行煤燃烧实验,观察煤燃烧过程并进行检测气体成分,研究煤粉的燃烧特性和NOx排放的浓度,并对实验现象和实验数据进行分析。并且该实验结果对地面环境下提高煤燃烧效率和燃烧炉设计水平,具有非常重要的意义。本文提出基于“单片机+CPLD/FPGA体系结构”的集成化设计方案:①在FPGA中实现数字逻辑部分电路;②FPGA与单片机以总线接口方式实现译码、数据和控制信号锁存功能的Verilog设计。本文设计、研制了一套基于单片机+FPGA的可应用于空间煤粉燃烧的实验控制系统,该系统分为空间煤粉燃烧炉单元和控制系统单元两大部分。其中,控制系统是本文论述的核心部分,主要功能是对传感器探测到的温度和气体成分信号进行处理,并将其数字化后传输到计算机,控制煤粉燃烧炉的升温过程,并进行煤粉着火点实验。本文介绍了课题的背景和选题意义,详细介绍了空间煤粉燃烧炉及其控制系统的组成方案。重点阐述了控制系统的硬件电路设计、FPGA设计。对系统的软件设计过程进行了介绍,并对整个系统进行了调试和实验。最后,对现阶段的工作进行了总结并提出了改进的建议,作为下一步工作的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 As non-renewable energy resources, Coal produces lots of pollutions including NOx during combustion, which devastatingly pollutes the environment. How to reduce the emission of NOx has become a focus of global attention. Aiming at improving the efficiency of pulvlized coal combustion and reducing the emission of carbon, the thesis is mainly about observing the process of coal combustion and detecting the gas ingredients after puvlized coal combustion by coal combustion experiment under microgravity circumstance. To study the characteristic of coal combustion and NOx emission, the results have very important effect both in improving the efficiency of coal combustion and design level of burnerThe thesis come up with an integrated design scheme based on“MCU+FPGA Architecture”:①FPGA designs and implements digital logic circuit②Decoding, latching data and controlling signals are implemented in FPGA with bus interface between MCU and FPGA③Chip selecting principles and MCU idle mode design are completed under the consideration of low power requirement;The thesis designs and implements control system based on the architecture of“MCU+FPGA”which can be used in space coal combustion experiment. The system can be divided into two parts, which are pulverized coal combustion furnace and control system. Control system is the core of the thesis, and its mainly function is to amplify the signal of temperature and the gas composition detected by sensors, then convert analog signals into digital signals and transfer into computer, meanwhile controlling the process of temperature changes of the system. Introducing the background of issues and significance, and elaborating the design of hardware circuit and FPGA in detail, the thesis then introduce the design of system software and make debugging and experiment of the system. At the end of this thesis, the stage work is summarized, and improving proposal is also given as reference to the future work.更多还原