【作者】 廖青；

【导师】 陈其兵；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 慈竹是四川主要的经济竹种之一,其杆挺直、枝叶繁茂,且资源丰富,无论是作为风景区的主要成林竹种还是作为公园绿地营造竹林景观,都具有较大的开发价值。近年来,慈竹广泛被用于生产做为纸浆原料,为了建立规范化的慈竹栽培管理模式,初步建立四川慈竹林营养指标体系,本论文通过对四川13个区县慈竹生长状况的调查和“3414”配方施肥实验对慈竹的生长特性进行研究。通过对四川省13个区县慈竹生长状况和土壤肥力调查,结果显示慈竹的生长状况在各地具有很大差异,其主要原因在于土壤肥力差异显著。利用SAS软件对其进行相关分析表明,土壤中全效养分(N、P、K)、有效养分(N、P、K)和有机质等常规元素分别对慈竹的全高、基径、全重等生长指标具有不同程度的影响,且主要决定因素各不相同,例如土壤中全氮主要决定慈竹基径、全高、最长节长和全重等生长指标。进一步的施肥实验结果显示,土壤中全效养分、有效养分和各个养分间的比值存在广泛的相关关系,例如土壤中有效N与土壤中全N、QN/QK比存在显著地正相关关系,并且土壤中QN/QK对土壤中有效N含量具有重要影响。慈竹叶片中N、P、K地含量在4月-7月含量相对稳定,7月-9月下降幅度大,9月-11月各营养上升幅度较大。因此,可以将4月、七月、11月作为慈竹进行叶片营养诊断的取样时间。1年生慈竹和2年生慈竹叶片中养分含量动态变化趋势大致相同,但一年生慈竹叶片宜在11月进行营养诊断。通过对比慈竹丰产组和低产组叶片中N、P、K元素的含量,发现叶片中营养元素变化区间为N：1.318%-2.431%;P：0.132%-0.220%;K：0.495%-2.047%;低产组产量偏低原因在于试验中施肥过量。同时,确定了慈竹丰产叶片营养诊断参考值为：N：1.79%-2.50%;P：0.17%-0.22%;K：1.46%-2.07%,土壤中有效养分含量诊断参考值为：N为82.41mg/kg-97.11mg/kg, P为18.669mg/kg-19.429mg/kg, K为34.28mg/kg-35.974mg/kg。通过对叶片养分和土壤养分的回归分析,对比常见的5种回归模型,建立了的叶片养分与土壤养分间的多元二次回归方程,以期为利用叶片养分评估土壤中养分含量和施肥量推荐提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sinocalmus affinis is the main economic bamboo species in Sichuan. The rod straight, lush, and rich in resources, either as a major scenic spot or as a park forest of bamboo to create a green bamboo forest landscape, has great development value. In recent years, Sinocalmus affinis is widely used as a pulp production of raw materials. In order to establish Si Chuan Sinocalmus affinis standardized cultivation and management model, established the nutrition index system initially, in this paper we performed the investigation of Sinocalmus affinis growth characteristics in 13 counties in Sichuan and "3414" fertilizer experiments in Si Chuan Shang Li.Through the survey of Sinocalmus affinis growth characteristics and soil fertility in 13 counties in Sichuan Province, we found that the growth conditions were very different from each county, mainly due to significant differences in soil fertility. Correlation analysis with SAS software were showed that the soil nutrients of the total (N, P, K), available nutrients (N, P, K) and organic matter have different effect to the full height, basal diameter and total weight. But the key factors were not the same, such as the total N in soil nitrogen was the key decisions to basal diameter, total height, length and total weight.Further fertilization experiments showed that there were correlation relationships between total nutrients, available nutrients and the ratio the nutrients, such as there have positive correlation between soil available N and soil total N, QN/QK, and Soil QN/QK have important influence to effective N content in soilN, P, K content in leaves was relatively satble between April to July, then reduced from July to September, and have a great increase from September to November. Therefore, April, July, and November should be the sampling time for the affinis diagnosis of the leaf nutrient. There have similar trend in leaves nutrient content between 1-year--bamboo and 2-year-bamboo and it was better to have leaf nutritional diagnosis in November with 1-year--bamboo.Compare with high yield group and low yield group N, P, K content in leaves, we found that the change interval in leaves were:N:1.318%-2.431%; P:0.132%-0.220%; K: 0.495%-2.047%. The reason for low yield was the excessive fertilization. We also set the reference value for leaf nutrient diagnosis:N:1.79%-2.50%; P:0.17%-0.22%; K: 1.46%-2.07%, and for soil nutrient diagnosis:N:82.41 mg/kg-97.11 mg/kg, P:18.669 mg/kg-19.429 mg/kg, K:34.28 mg/kg-35.974 mg/kg。Through regression analysis, the regression equations between the leaf N, P, K and soil N, P, K were estimated. The equations could provide diagnostic evidence for the soil nutrition diagnosis.更多还原