【作者】 宋世磊；

【导师】 杨林；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的迅速发展,交通量与日俱增,公路的运输能力正面临着严峻考验,传统的公路勘测设计方法不再适合当前的公路建设,如何能够既确保公路的建设质量,又可以保证公路的建设速度,成为当前关注的焦点。伴随数字化时代的到来,出现了一种新的设计理念,利用数字地形图进行公路勘测设计成为一个新的研究课题,对于推动公路建设事业具有重大意义。本文以兴安至阳朔二级公路为工程实例,首先阐述了数字地形图地形数据的获取,着重论述了利用R2V矢量化软件对纸质地形图进行数字矢量化获取地形数据的方法,以此作为构建数字地形图的基础数据；其次,对数字地形图的构建方法做了详细分析与研究,阐述了Delaunay不规则三角网(DT)的构建方法,利用Hint数模软件进行建模；然后,探讨了数字地形图的内插方法,介绍了线性内插与二次曲面拟合内插的内插原理,针对高程内插精度不足的问题,提出了基于线性内插的平面插值修正方法,并在此基础上设计了DEM平面插值修正程序,将该程序应用于实际工程,高程插值精度明显提高；最后,以实际工程为例,论述了数字地形图在道路设计中的应用。以VB为设计平台的DEM平面插值修正程序,将“二面角”影响因素加入其中,完善了内插高程修正方法,并以兴安至阳朔二级公路为例,验证了该方法的可行性,同时也证明了该程序具有操作简单、修正效果明显、计算速度快、结果准确等优点,具有很好的实用性；通过实例应用和理论分析,该程序对三角形内部待插点修正效果明显,而对三角形边上的待插点无修正效果,说明该程序适用于修正纵断面地面高程,不适用于修正横断面地面高程；通过数字地形图在实际道路工程中的应用,基于纸质地形图数字矢量化建立的数字地形图比较适合于道路工程的可行性研究和初步设计阶段,从侧面也反映了数字地形图具有巨大的应用价值,是今后工作研究的重点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Highway transport capacity is facing austere test now in respect that traffic is increasing day by day with the rapid development of our economy, and so the traditional highway survey and design can not adapt to the nowadays highway construction any longer. The matter about how to guarantee the quality and the rate of highway construction is focused currently. A new idea about highway design has been on with the coming of Digital Age, and the way that the highway survey and design is accomplished by making use of digital topographic map has been a new study subject. It will make great sense to highway construction.The paper takes the Xing’an-Yangshuo secondary highway for example in engineering. It states the acquisition about terrain data on the digital topographic map first of all, and discusses the method of getting terrain data by digitization and vectorization on the paper topographic map with R2V software. The data can be regarded as basic data of digital topographic map construction. The method on digital topographic map construction is analyzed and studied in detail, and states the construction method about Delaunay Triangulated Irregular Network (DT). The model is constructed by the Hint digifax software. After that, the interpolation method on digital topographic map is discussed and the theory on linear and quadratic curve surface fitting interpolation is introduced concretely. For the problem about accuracy deficiency of elevation interpolation, the plane interpolation elevation correction method is put forward, and so the DEM plane interpolation elevation correction program is devised on that basis. The program is put into use in reality project, elevation interpolation accuracy is improved evidently. At last, it takes the reality project for example and so discusses the application of the digital topographic map in road design.VB as a design platform, the DEM plane interpolation elevation correction program adds "dihedral angle" to effect factors, which makes the interpolation elevation correction method perfect. The program takes the Xing’an-Yangshuo secondary highway for example, and verifies that the method is feasible and the system has advantages:simplicity of operation, evident correction effect, rapid computational speed, precise result and it has good application. The program has a evident correction effect on the interpolation point inside the triangle but not the one on the edge of the triangle side at all. It explains that the program is appropriate for the correction of longitudinal-section ground elevation but not cross-section ground elevation. The digital topographic map constructed on the base of digitization and vectorization on the paper topographic map is appropriate for the feasibility study and prelminary design stage of the highway project by using digital topographic map in the reality road engineering. The paper reflects that digital topographic map has great application value and will be focus of the study in future work更多还原