【作者】 朱文慧；

【导师】 吴政球；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 电气工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 储能系统作为电力系统必要的电能补偿装置,作用显著。适量的储能对同步发电机的稳定同步运行具有非常重要的作用。储能技术的广泛应用必然会对电力系统传统的设计、规划、控制、调度等各个方面带来重大的变革。超级电容器兼有蓄电池能量密度大和电解电容器功率密度大的优点,可以快速充放电,而且寿命长、储能效率高、高低温性能好、对环境友好,是高效实用的储能元件。由于目前实现产业化的超级电容器中,基本上都是双电层电容器,因此本文所采用的超级电容器为双电层电容器。针对超级电容器的物理特性,提出了双电层电容器的三种等效模型,即串联RC模型,非线性RC网络模型和线性RC网络模型。其中,线性RC网络模型能近似地反映出超级电容器的物理特性,并可以反映出超级电容器的内部电荷的重新分配特性。本文分析了超级电容器储能系统的运行原理,并将超级电容器储能系统的电路结构分为换流器,双向直流变直流变换器和双电层电容器组三个部分。根据换流器和双向直流变直流变换器的运行特性,提出了相应的控制方法。使用计算机软件Matlab对超级电容器储能系统建立仿真模型,并将该模型并入有两同步发电机的测试系统中,验证所设计的仿真模型在发生三相接地短路故障的情况下,测试系统的暂态和小扰动稳定性能得到显著改善,极限转输功率明显提高。本文设计的超级电容器储能系统能够同时控制有功功率和无功功率,因此它能补偿功率的波动。与不使用超级电容器的同步发电机系统相比,使用超级电容器的同步发电机系统更加稳定。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy storage system as the power system for the necessary energy buffering equipment of the role is very obvious. Appropriate amount of storage is very important to synchronize the synchronous generator. Widespread applications of energy storage technology by all means will bring great changes to electric power system traditional designing, programming, controlling, adjusting, etc.Super capacitor has the virtues of both high energy density of battery and high power density of electrolytic capacitor, can quickly refresh and discharge, and has long cycle life, high storage efficiency, sound temperature adaptability and environmental character. As the current industrialization of super capacitor basically is Electric Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC), this paper used the Electric Double Layer Capacitor as the super capacitor. For super capacitor of physical characteristics, there are three model of the Electric Double Layer Capacitor that series RC model, nonlinear RC network model and the linear RC network model. The linear RC network model can approximately reflect the physical characteristics and the internal redistribution of charge characteristics of super capacitors.This paper analyzes the operating principle of super capacitor system, and divides into three parts of inverter, bi-directional dc-dc converter and Electric Double Layer Capacitors. According to the operation characteristics of inverter and bi-directional dc-dc converter, this paper made the corresponding control method.This paper establish the simulation model of super capacitor system in Matlab, and the model interconnect the system which have two synchronous generators to verify the designed simulation model can improve significantly the transient and small signal stability performance of the system on the three-phase ground short-circuit fault, and the max power is increase obviously.This design of the super-capacitor energy storage system is useful for the compensation of fluctuating power since one is capable of controlling both active and reactive power simultaneously. And comparing with the system without super capacitor, the system with super capacitor is more stability.更多还原