【作者】 杜介方；

【导师】 王连峰；

【作者基本信息】 大连交通大学 ， 环境科学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 球囊霉素是AM真菌分泌的含量丰富、分布广泛的土壤蛋白,是土壤有机碳库的重要组成部分,与团聚体的形成、稳定有密切关系。目前,国内外对球囊霉素的研究主要集中在有机质含量较高的森林、草地土壤及不同耕作方式或不同作物处理下的农田土壤中,而施肥作为农业生态系统中重要的管理措施,对于土壤的理化性质及微生物的活性等有显著影响,然而有关于不同施肥处理下全土和各粒径团聚体中球囊霉素的变化等研究甚少,基于此,本论文选用沈阳农业大学长期定位实验田土壤,通过湿筛法获取不同施肥处理下各粒径团聚体的分布情况,测定全土及各粒径团聚体中有机碳和两种形态球囊霉素的含量,进而研究不同施肥处理对于棕壤团聚体分布状况、稳定性以及全土和各粒径团聚体中有机碳、球囊霉素含量的影响情况,考察施肥处理下三者之间关系。研究结果表明,无论在何种施肥模式下,供试棕壤团聚体的主要分布特征均未发生改变,但是肥料的施用仍然显著影响土壤团聚体的分布。施用无机肥主要促进小团聚体的形成,有机肥以及低量有机肥与无机肥配施后有利于>0.25mm团聚体的形成,同时提高团聚体稳定性,而高量有机肥配施无机肥对大团聚体形成的促进作用不明显,但同样显著增加小团聚体在土壤中的比例。施肥显著提高全土及各粒径团聚体中有机碳和球囊霉素的含量。不同种类的肥料对于各粒径团聚体中球囊霉素的影响不同,无机肥促进球囊霉素大团聚体中的积累而降低了小团聚体球囊霉素含量,有机肥的添加有利于大团聚体和小团聚体中球囊霉素的积累;有机-无机配施作用下大团聚体中球囊霉素显著增加,且随着有机肥用量的不同而不同,在小团聚体中球囊霉素含量在有机-无机配施作用时受无机肥影响较大;微团聚体和粉+黏粒受施肥作用的影响较小。不同施肥处理下全土中球囊霉素与有机碳之间呈现显著线性相关性,而在各粒径团聚体中球囊霉素与有机碳、团聚体分布百分比及其稳定性之间,并非均呈现线性相关性,这可能与团聚体形成过程中胶结剂的不同有关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Glomalin, a kind of soil protein secreted by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, is the important component of the soil organic carbon, and is related to the aggregate formation and stability. Most researches on glomalin are focused on the forest, grassland soil which contain higher organic matter. While the fertilization, influencing the physi-chemical properties of soil and microbial activity, is an important agroecosystem management, but little attention was paid to the effect of different fertilization on the glomalin in bulk soil and aggregates Fig. .We investigated the distribution of aggregates in different fertilization treatments by wet sieving method, and measured the soil organic carbon and glomalin concentration in bulk soil and aggregates. The aims are to analyze the effect of fertilization on the content of soil organic carbon and glomalin in bulk soil and aggregates, to examine the relationship among the distribution and stability of aggregate, soil organic carbon and glomalin.The results show that, although the aggregate distributions are not change under all kinds of fertilization, but fertilizer applications still impact the distribution of soil aggregates. Mainly, inorganic applications facilitate the formation of small macro-aggregates, and organic fertilizer and inorganic with low amount of organic fertilizer are favor to the formation and stability of >0.25mm aggregates, and the high amount of organic manure with inorganic fertilizer has little effect of the formation of macro-aggregates, but correspondingly increase the ratio of small aggregates in the soil.Fertilizer applications significantly increase the content of soil organic carbon and glomalin in bulk soil and aggregates. Different kinds of fertilizer have various effects on the concentration of glomalin in aggregates. Inorganic fertilizers increase the content of glomalin in lager macro-aggregate but reduce the concentration of glomalin in small macro-aggregate, and organic fertilizer was useful for the accumulation of glomalin in large and small macro-aggregates; Organic-inorganic fertilizers significantly increase the content of glomalin in large macro-aggregates, and the amounts of organic fertilizer influence the glomalin content. In small macro-aggregates, inorganic fertilizer obviously affect glomalin content detected under organic-inorganic fertilizing; and the glomalin contents in micro-aggregates and silt + clay are less affected by the fertilization.The results show that there is a significant linear correlation between the content of glomalin and soil organic carbon in bulk soil, but in aggregates scale, it does not show linear correlation of the glomalin to soil organic carbon, the distribution and stability of aggregates, The reason maybe due to the different agents which influence the aggregates formation.更多还原