单通道有源噪声控制技术研究

【作者】 刘波；

【导师】 熊静琪；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人类社会的不断发展进步,噪声污染已经越来越受到重视,噪声会严重影响人的身体健康,同时还会对机器设备产生影响,使其性能下降,使用寿命降低等等,所以噪声控制技术得到快速发展,国内外研究者做了大量工作。噪声控制技术分为无源噪声控制技术和有源噪声控制技术,传统的方法是采用无源噪声控制技术,包括吸声、隔声处理等等,原理是利用噪声声波与声学材料或者声学结构相互作用来吸收噪声声波能量。人体对声音的反映是通过响度来评价的,而在声音强度相同时,中低频声音产生的响度最大,所以对人体的影响也最大。无源噪声控制技术一般对高频声音有好的降噪,而对中低频却没有很好的降噪效果。本文运用有源噪声控制技术对中低频噪声进行降噪处理,分析了常用自适应有源噪声控制算法如滤波LMS算法,并在仿真软件中进行仿真;把遗传算法运用到有源噪声控制技术中,可以解决常用算法存在的很多问题;同时由于次级声源安放的不方便,提出虚拟位置传感器技术,通过仿真分析得到了很好的降噪效果。本有源噪声控制平台硬件使用TI DSP控制芯片,设计声音通道管等相关硬件,通过麦克风对噪声进行采集,然后利用采集到的这些数据在仿真软件中进行降噪分析,得到良好的降噪效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous development and progress of human society, Noise pollution has increasingly been given attention. Noise will seriously affect the health of people, and will also have an impact on machinery and equipment, lead performance degradation, and shorten the life span. So the noise control technology has been developing rapidly, researchers have done a lot of work about noise control.Noise control technology includes passive noise control technology and active noise control technology, the traditional methods is the passive noise control, including absorption of noise and noise isolation etc. the principle is the use of noise sound waves with acoustic materials or acoustic structure interaction to absorb the energy of noise sound waves.The reflection of human body to sound is evaluated by loudness, when the energy is same, median and low-frequency’s sound is loudest, so they affect human more badly; but the passive noise control only has effect on high-frequency noise.In this thesis active noise control technology has been used to solve low-frequency problem, we analyzed common adaptive active noise control algorithms, such as the filtered-x LMS algorithm,and made some simulations. Genetic algorithm also been used in the active noise control to solve many problems in the common algorithm. Due to the secondary sound source installation inconvenience, the virtual position sensor technology been posted in the thesis, through simulation, it makes well.The active noise control platform’s hardware uses TI DSP chip, designed sound tube and other hardware. Through microphone to sample the noise, put the noise data to simulation software to analysis, got good noise reduction.更多还原