卫星移动通信中地面移动载体天线终端的研究与设计

【作者】 邱建彪；

【导师】 潘锦；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 电磁场与微波技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着卫星通信技术和自动控制技术的不断发展,在运动过程中实现与卫星实时数据交换的需求变得越来越旺盛。因此,被称为“动中通”的卫星通信技术及其器部件研究和开发成为当前卫星通信技术领域的研究热点。“动中通”可视为一种搭建在汽车、火车、飞机(含直升机)、轮船等移动载体上,并在载体运动过程中仍能够保证与地球同步卫星实现双向通信的平台。“动中通”可在载体运动过程中实现宽带卫星通信,传输视频图像、语音、数据信息,在军民领域都有广泛的用途。在卫星通信系统中,地面卫星接收天线多采用性能较为优越的反射面天线,但这类天线体积大、重量大、调整困难,直接移植到移动载体上通常会产生卫星通信平台占用体积过大,过于笨重影响移动载体的机动性等问题。于是研制重量轻、体积小,低剖面、便于大批量生产、易于控制安装的移动载体用卫星收发天线成为当前“动中通”系统研发的主要难题。本文的主要工作是针对在中国“动中通”的特殊应用需求,提出一种低剖面、低成本的“动中通”终端天线的设计方案,并设计一种能用于此方案的平板天线。本文的主要贡献和创新点可以归纳为以下几个方面:(1)针对“动中通”系统对天线的要求,提出了一种低剖面、低成本“动中通”天线终端方案,给出相应指标。(2)提出了一种适用于本文“动中通”方案中平板阵列的双极化天线单元新设计,分析评估了其各项性能。(3)结合本文“动中通”方案对天线的要求,优化设计了一个6×16元微带天线阵列,开展和完成了天线方案的可行性验证评估。(4)优化设计了适宜于天线方案的复杂大型双极化馈电网络,并提出了相应的相位补偿技术。(5)对接收平板分块微带阵列与馈电波导功分器的整合过渡进行了设计。上述研究结果表明,本文提出的“动中通”天线终端方案是可行的,给出的相关性能指标合理,这为该天线系统的进一步工程实用化奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of satellite communication technology and automation control technology, the demand to achieve real-time data exchange with the satellite while the earth station carrier in movement is greatly increased. So, the research and development of the SOTM (Satellite-communication-on-the-move) technology and relevant equipments become a focus area of satellite communication technology. The earth stations mounted on automotive, train, aircraft (including helicopter), ship and other mobile carriers are commonly referred to as“mobile station”, which can guarantee two-way communication of the carrier and geostationary satellites when the carriers are moving. This platform enables mobile carriers to obtain broadband satellite communications such as transmitting videos, images, voices, data, information, making it a powerful tool in military and civilian fields.In satellite communication systems, ground terminal antenna are usually reflector antenna which has many advantages for receiving satellite signals, but such antennas are bulky, heavy, and difficult to adjust. So it’s not suitable to transplant them directly into the mobile carrier earth station antenna because they usually take large space and heavy, which affects the maneuverability of vehicle. Nowadays, developing mobile station antenna which has the characteristics of light, small size, low profile, convenient for auto control, mass production and installation become a research focus of the SOTM system.This paper is mainly focused on designing a practical mobile station antenna for the special application requirements in china, and designing flat-panel antennas for it. The main contributions and innovations of this dissertation are summarized as follow:1) A low-profile, low-cost "mobile station" antenna structure is designed. The corresponding targets are presented.2) A new antenna element configuration for“mobile station”antenna panels is designed. Analysis and evaluation of the element performance are given.3) A 6×16microstrip antenna array is designed and optimized according to the requirements of the presented“mobile station”antenna system. Simulation and test results are given for verification of the plan feasibility.4) The design of the entire complicated antenna feed network for dual polarization and the corresponding phase compensation technique is researched.5) The integration and transition of the feeding waveguide power divider and the receiving antenna panel microstrip subarrays are designed.The study results show that the proposal of "mobile station" antenna program is feasible and the given relevant performance indicators are reasonable, this work serves well as the foundation of further practical usage.更多还原