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槽波导谐振腔微波化学反应器的优化设计
【作者】 戴曜泽；
【导师】 曾葆青；
【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 物理电子学， 2010， 硕士
【摘要】 乙烯和乙炔是化学工业中最重要的基础原料,随着石油资源的日益匮乏,利用天然气生成乙烯和乙炔已经成为当今世界研究的热点。由于传统法甲烷制C2炔需要高温、高能,故无产业化前景;而利用微波化学方法从甲烷偶联制C2炔有着明显的优越性。但目前的微波化学实验主要是在矩形波导或矩形波导构成的谐振腔内进行的,从而存在微波化学反应用谐振腔体积小,C2炔产量低等缺陷。针对这种缺陷,本论文提出了槽波导谐振腔结构的微波化学反应器,并对槽波导谐振腔微波化学反应器进行了详细分析和优化。本论文的研究内容有主要以下两点:1.在中心频率为2.45GHz的条件下,利用横向谐振法分别对矩形和圆形槽波导的色散特性进行理论分析推导,得到相应的色散方程。并利用MATLAB软件编程计算,得到矩形和圆形槽波导的截止特性和波导波长,通过与其他文献的比较,验证了本文求解槽波导传输特性的方法和编程计算的正确性和有效性。另外,还利用MATLAB软件编程对矩形和圆形槽波导谐振腔进行优化设计,得到其归一化截止波长趋于一个稳定值时所对应的腔体结构尺寸。2.根据理论分析,在中心频率为2.45GHz,功率为1W条件下,利用基于有限元法的HFSS软件分别对矩形和圆形槽波导谐振腔微波化学反应器进一步优化设计。从仿真计算结果来看,不仅验证了横向谐振法求解结果的正确性,而且得到最优结构尺寸的微波化学反应器。在最优结构尺寸下,矩形槽波导谐振腔微波化学反应器内的最大电场强度可达到104V/m,且区域较大;而圆形槽波导谐振腔微波化学反应器内的最大电场强度仅2000V/m。因此矩形槽波导谐振腔微波化学反应器更适合用来甲烷偶联制C2炔。在高功率和激励器的作用下,矩形槽波导谐振腔微波化学反应器内的甲烷气体在常压下就可以产生微波放电,使甲烷转化成C2炔。
【Abstract】 Ethylene and acetylene are the most important basic materials of chemical industry, with the scarcity of petroleum resources, using natural gas to generate ethylene and acetylene is becoming the research focus of world. Because making methane to C2 alkynes by traditional methods need high temperature and high energy, so which don’t have industrialization prospect. And making methane to C2 alkynes by microwave chemistry methods have obvious advantages. But most of microwave chemistry experiments are carried out in rectangular waveguide or resonator made of rectangular waveguide. So microwave chemistry methods exist some defects, such as smaller of microwave reaction resonator and lower of C2 alkynes output. In order to solve these defects, we put forward microwave chemistry reactor made of groove waveguide resonator, and we do a lot of studies. Research contents of this paper include the following several:In the first side, I make theoretical derivation about dispersion characteristics of rectangular groove guide and circular groove guide by transverse resonant method in 2.45GHz, and obtain corresponding dispersion equation. Then we use MATLAB software to programming calculation, and obtain the cut-off characteristic and waveguide wavelength of rectangular groove guide and circular groove guide. By comparison with other paper, it proves the validity and efficiency of our method. Another, we use MATLAB software to optimize the rectangular groove guide reactor and the circular groove guide reactor, and obtain the stable value of normalized cut-off wavelength in optimal structure and size.According to theoretical analysis, we use HFSS software to further optimize microwave chemistry reactor made of rectangular groove guide reactor and microwave chemistry reactor made of circular groove guide reactor in 2.45GHz and 1W. From the simulation solution, we prove out the correctness of solving method, and get the optimal structure and size of microwave chemistry reactor. Under the optimal structure and size, the maximum field strength of microwave chemistry reactor made of rectangular groove guide reactor reaches 104V/m, and exist larger region. But the maximum field strength of microwave chemistry reactor made of circular groove guide reactor only has 2000V/m. So microwave chemistry reactor made of rectangular groove guide reactor is more suitable to make methane to C2 alkynes. Under the effect of high power and actuator, it can form microwave discharge, and make methane to C2 alkynes in microwave chemistry reactor made of rectangular groove guide reactor under atmospheric.