【作者】 张旋；

【导师】 罗权焜；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 氟橡胶具有耐高温、耐油及耐多种化学药品侵蚀的特点，是现代航空、导弹、火箭、宇宙航行等尖端科学技术及其他工业部门不可缺少的材料。尽管氟橡胶具有许多优异的性能,但是也存在模压流动性差、压缩永久变形过大、生胶加工工艺性能不理想，硫化胶的物理性能不好协调，如硬度偏高等不足。本课题采用机械共混的方法，将氟橡胶与二元共聚型氯醚橡胶共混，对246型氟橡胶进行改性研究。探讨研究共混比、硫化体系、补强剂、软化剂和防老剂等配方因素对FKM/ECO共混物硫化特性、共混硫化胶的物理机械性能、耐热老化性能、耐油性能、高温压缩永久变形性能以及动态力学性能的影响。搜索现代文献发现，有关氟橡胶与氯醚橡胶共混的研究报道极为鲜见。本课题采用机械共混方法，选择合适的共混比和共硫化剂，适宜的混炼工艺条件，制备综合性能优异的FKM/ECO并用胶，达到改善氟橡胶缺点的目的，为今后FKM/ECO工程应用提供参考数据。研究结果表明：TCY/TRA硫化体系能较好的硫化FKM/ECO共混胶，并使其共混胶具有优异的操作安全性、硫化胶具有较好的物理机械性能和耐油性能。TCY用量为2.5~3.0份时，共混胶料具有较好的硫化特性和较优异的物理机械性能。DMA测试结果表明，当ECO含量低于20份时，两种胶料的相容性较好。并入ECO，会导致共混胶的物理机械性能、耐油性能和耐热老化性能的下降，但可以改善胶料的高温压缩永久变形性能和低温性能。当采用N220补强体系，用量为30~40份时，可以获得较好的物理机械性能和低温性能。采用DOP为软化剂，能使共混硫化胶具有较好的物理机械性能和耐油性能，并能明显改善其低温性能，用量5份时为佳。采用防老剂RD和防老剂4010NA的共混硫化胶具有较快的硫化速度，较高的老化性能保持率、较好的耐油性能和较低的高温压缩永久变形。研究数据显示：当FKM/ECO共混比为80/20，硫化体系采用TCY/TRA，且当并用比2.5：1.0时，其共混硫化胶的性能达到较理想状态，拉伸强度为17.3Mpa，扯断伸长率为127%，硬度为85度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fluoro-rubber (FKM), widely used in sophisticated science and technology such as themodern aviation industry, and aerospace industry, is a kind of Special Rubber with excellentheating-aging property and several chemicals-resistance. However, its further application islimited because of the poor performance in the mechanical qualities and processing property,especially in the compression set and the low-temperature property.The subject takes research on the epichlorohydrin rubber (ECO)/FKM blends to modifythe properties of F246 by mechanical blending. It systematically studied the effect of FKM/ECO blends rubber vulcanizing system, FKM/ECO blend ratio, reinforcement system,softener system and the antioxidant system on vulcanized properties, mechanical properties,heat aging properties, oil resistance and high temperature compression deformation of FKM/ECO blends.It’s found that reports on this field are still rare after searching recent literatures. Thisresearch fabricates FKM/ECO rubber with good general properties, which rectifies theshortage of FKM, by mechanical blending with chosing appropriate blend ratio and curingagent. Such research provides useful reference for future application.It is showed from the research that TCY/TRA curing system can vulcanize the FKM/ECOblends, made the blends had excellent operational security, and the vulcanizates have goodcross-linking density, mechanical properties and oil resistance. The result of DMA showedthat the FKM/ECO blend had better vulcanization characteristics while the dosage of TCY inthe blend is 2.5 phr. The addition of ECO would bring down the mechanical, oil-resistanceand heating-aging properties of FKM/ECO blend, but could enhance the compression set andthe low-temperature property. It’s a suitable co-reinforcing system of N220, and the amount inthe blend about 30~40phr would obtain better reinforcement result and lower temperatureperformance. The use of polar softening agent, such asDOP for 5phr, could enable the blendshave good mechanical properties and oil resistance, and improve the low performance. TheFKM/ECO blend with antioxidant RD and 4010NA co-aging system would gain a fastercuring speed, higher maintaining rate of aging, better oil resistance and lower hightemperature compression set performance.The experimental data shows that while the blending ratio of FKM/ECO is 80/20，usingTCY/TRA as curing system with a ratio of 2.5: 1.0, the blending rubber has good properties:17.3 Mpa for tensile strength, 127% for elongation at break and 85 degree for hardness.更多还原