【作者】 武小云；

【导师】 许伦辉；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 路段行程时间是反映交通流运行的一个重要指标。实时或准实时行程时间数据是构建动态交通信息服务系统、信号协调控制系统以及城市交通诱导系统等ITS子系统的重要基础,也是国内外ITS研究的热点。恰当地给出实时的路段行程时间,可以为交通管理部门提供准确的道路交通数据,以便管理、调度;可以为出行者提供有意义的参考,使他们选择适合的出行路线,避免时间和金钱的浪费,同时提高路网利用率。因此,路段行程时间的实时估算对道路运行系统有重要意义。本文首先综述了交通信息采集技术,对比各种采集技术优缺点,选用GPS浮动车作为实时交通信息获取的来源;其次,对现有路段行程时间的估算方法做了分析,重点分析了浮动车法估算行程时间的各种不同算法;最终,对基于GPS浮动车的城市交通路段行程时间实时估算方法做了深入研究。完成的具体内容如下:1.首先,综述实时交通信息的获取方式和路段行程时间的估算方法。介绍了常见的交通数据采集技术,着重介绍了GPS浮动车技术,包括GPS系统、GPS在交通采集中的应用,GPS浮动车技术的基本概念、系统工作原理及优点。介绍了现有的各种路段行程时间估算方法,重点对浮动车法估算路段行程时间进行介绍,如样本中位数估算方法、指数平滑估算方法、基于速度和时间的估算方法、结合断面检测数据估算方法。2.其次,主要研究基于GPS浮动车的城市交通路段行程时间实时估算方法。分析了影响利用GPS浮动车数据进行行程时间实时估算的主要因素;给出估算方法中确定计算间隔的基本思路和实现方法;分析GPS浮动车实时数据的预处理过程,包括故障数据的识别和修复;改进了GPS定位数据的转换算法,并将该算法应用于GPS浮动车数据和电子地图的匹配方法中;结合文中对城市路段的定义,给出路段行程时间的实时估算方法。3.最后,以文中提出的计算间隔确定方法、改进的GPS定位数据的转换算法、路段行程时间的实时估算方法为核心技术,结合VB技术开发了一套演示系统,并通过广州市某路段的GPS浮动车数据对该方法进行仿真。实践证明,本文提出的路段行程时间实时估算方法,能够以较高的运算效率提供合理的路段实时行程时间,具有一定的实用意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Link travel-time is reflected in the traffic flow at an important indicator. Real-time or quasi real-time travel time data is an important basis to build ITS subsystems, such as dynamic traffic information service system, signal coordination control system and urban traffic guidance systems. ITS is the research hotspot at home and abroad. Properly giving real-time link travel-time has two meanings. For one thing, it can provide accurate traffic data for traffic management department for management, scheduling. For another, it can provide meaningful information for travelers to enable them to choose the appropriate travel routes, and to avoid wasting time and money while improving road network utilization. Therefore, real-time link travel-time estimation on the road is important to run the system.In this paper, traffic information collection technologies are reviewed, the advantages and disadvantages of various collection techniques are compared, GPS floating car technology is chosen as a source of real-time traffic information; Second, the existing link travel time estimation methods were analyzed, focusing on analysis of the floating car method Estimated travel time for a variety of different algorithms; Ultimately, GPS-based floating car real-time urban traffic link travel time estimation method to do an in-depth research. Complete details are as follows:1. Firstly, ways to obtain real-time traffic information and link travel time estimation methods are reviewed. Common traffic data acquisition technologies are introduced, focusing on the GPS floating car technology, including GPS systems, GPS applications in traffic acquisition, GPS floating car technology, the basic concept, working principle and advantages of the system. Describes the various sections of the existing travel time estimation methods, with emphasis on the floating car used in the estimation of link travel time are introduced, such as the sample median estimation method, exponential smoothing estimation methods, based on speed and time estimation methods, combined with test data section estimation method.2. Secondly, real-time travel time estimation method of urban traffic link based on GPS floating car is mainly researched. Analysis of the impact of using GPS probe vehicle data for real-time estimates of travel time factors; given interval estimation method identified in the calculation of the basic ideas and methods; analysis of real-time GPS probe vehicle data preprocessing, including data to identify and repair faults ; improve the GPS positioning data conversion algorithm and the algorithm used in GPS floating car data and electronic map matching method; combined paper on the definition of urban roads, given the real-time link travel time estimation method. 3. Finally, this paper presents the calculation to determine the method of interval, improved GPS positioning data conversion algorithm, real-time link travel time estimation methods as the core technologies, combined with VB technology, a set of demonstration system is developed. Through a section of Guangzhou GPS floating car data, the method is simulated. Practice shows that the proposed real-time link travel time estimation method can provide a reasonable high computing efficiency section of real-time travel time, with certain practical significance.更多还原