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PET/TiO2纳米复合材料的制备及性能研究
【作者】 沈秀红；
【导师】 纪全；
【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2010， 硕士
【摘要】 采用原位聚合的方法制备了普通PET、PET/TiO2纳米复合材料,对其结构进行了红外表征,与普通PET相比,PET/TiO2纳米复合材料谱图中出现了TiO2的特征峰。同时对材料的性能做了一系列的研究。通过紫外光照射法研究了TiO2对PET材料光降解性能的影响。对照射后的样品进行质量损失和SEM测试,结果表明复合材料的失重率高于纯PET, SEM测试表明加入TiO2的样品表面降解比较严重,出现了比较明显的空洞,并且随着TiO2含量的增加材料表面损伤越发严重,从而证明了TiO2的加入促进了PET的降解。通过DSC研究PET/TiO2纳米复合材料和普通PET的非等温结晶行为,使用Jeziorny法、Mo法、Ozawa研究分析了材料的非等温结晶动力学。动力学分析表明,这三种方法均能很好的描述PET的结晶过程。结果表明TiO2在材料的结晶过程中起到异相成核的作用,使得PET在较高的温度下结晶,加速了PET的结晶速率,提高了结晶度。用TG热分析仪测试PET/TiO2纳米复合材料、普通PET的热降解行为,研究了材料的热降解稳定性,用Friedman法和Ozawa法对测试结果进行了动力学分析。结果表明,TiO2的加入提高了复合材料的热稳定性。通过锥形量热仪(CONE)对PET及PET/TiO2纳米复合材料的燃烧性能研究表明,加入TiO2后,材料的热释放速率和质量损失明显降低,另外纳米复合材料生烟总量和生烟速率较PET有所降低,这些现象都表明TiO2对PET起到了一定的阻燃作用。
【Abstract】 Pure PET and PET/TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized via the in situ method. The structures of PET and PET/TiO2 were studied by infrared spectroscopy, the results showed that the characteristic infrared of TiO2 appeared in the spectrogram, which showed that TiO2 linked into the macromolecule chains of PET.The photodegradation properties of PET/TiO2 and PET were studied. The samples after irradiation were characteristic by weight loss and SEM. The results showed that the weight loss (%) of PET/TiO2 was high than that of pure PET, and the SEM also showed that on the surface of the PET/TiO2 appeared more holes, while the surface of pure PET was also as smooth as before irradiation. All the phenomenon told us that the addition of the TiO2 promoted the photodegradation of PET.The effect of TiO2 particles on the non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of PET was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Three methods, namely, Avrami, Ozawa and Mo, were adopted to analyze the non-isothermal crystallization data. The results showed that the TiO2 in PET acted as effective nucleation agent, and PET/TiO2 crystallized at higher temperature because of the presence of TiO2. Also TiO2 accelerated the crystallization of PET, shorted crystallization time, and improved the degree of crystallization.TG thermal analyzer was used to examine the thermal degradation behaviors of PET and PET/ TiO2. The thermal degradation kinetics were analyzed by Friedman method and Ozawa method. The results showed that the thermal stability of PET/TiO2 nanocomposites was better than that of pure PET.The Combustion Properties of pure PET and PET/TiO2 composite were investigated by combustion. The results showed that the mass loss (%) and the heat release rate (HRR) of PET/TiO2 are all lower than those of pure PET. At the same time, The the total smoke production (TSP) and smoke production rate (SPR) of PET/TiO2 nanocoposites were a little lower than those of pure PET. All the phenomenon showed us that addition of TiO2 improved the flame retardation of PET.