【作者】 张栋；

【导师】 逄增昌；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 营养与食品卫生学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 目的用经典的双生子设计探讨遗传因素和环境因素对青少年身高、体重、体质指数(BMI)、腰围、腰臀围比值(WHR)等体型指征相关指标的影响程度。方法选择青岛地区自愿参加本研究的375对11-19岁双生子为研究对象,经过问卷调查、体格检查等获得现场流行病学资料数据库,同时对性别相同的双生子通过16个多态标记进行卵型鉴定,在此基础上,应用SPSS15.0软件及Mx软件进行数据处理,通过构建结构方程模型分析计算体型指征相关指标的遗传度。结果本次调查共收集到362对青少年双生子的身高、体重、BMI的有效数据,327对青少年双生子腰围、WHR的有效数据,对数据进行拟合处理,得出身高、腰围和WHR的最佳拟合模型ACE模型,体重和BMI的最佳拟合模型为AE模型,调整年龄性别后,估算青岛市青少年双生子身高的遗传度为66%,体重的遗传度为84%,BMI的遗传度为75%,腰围的遗传度为8%,WHR的遗传度为53%。结论在青少年双生子体型指征的相关指标中,身高、体重、BMI均受遗传因素影响较大,WHR在受遗传因素影响的同时也一定程度上受到环境因素的影响,而腰围则主要受环境影响,因此本研究提示可以通过对儿童青少年后天环境因素的改变而达到预防肥胖等疾病的发生的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the impact of inheritance on height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-hip ratio (WHR) in adolescent by the classic twin design.Methods 375 pairs of twins aged 11-19 years old were recruited from the Qingdao Twin Registry. Height, weight, BMI, waist circumference and WHR were measured. Zygosity in all same-sex twin pairs was determined by 16 polymorphic markers. SPSS and Mx software package were used as the statistical methods to build structural equation models. Heritability was assessed by structural equation models.Results 362 pair’s effective data of adolescent twins’Height, weight, BMI were collected. 327 pair’s effective data of adolescent twins’ waist circumference and WHR were chosen. By fitting and analyzing of the data converted, the ACE model combining additive genetic and unique environmental factors was fit for height, waist circumference and WHR and AE model was fit for weight and BMI. After adjusting sex and age, the heritability of height, weight, BMI, waist circumference and WHR were 66%,84%,75 %,8%,53% respectively.Conclusion Among the body size indices, genes play important roles in the development of Height, Weight, WHR and BMI in adolescent, WHR is also influenced by environmental factors to some extent, waist circumference is nearly influenced by environmental factors, so obesity in adolescents can be prevented by changing their environmental factors.更多还原