【作者】 王东；

【导师】 巨永锋；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着城市化进程的加快和社会经济的快速发展,汽车工业的迅速发展使城市交通拥挤问题日益突出,成为当今世界各个国家普遍关注的问题,它给人们的日常生活和社会经济发展带来了严重的影响。交叉口作为城市交通道路的交汇点,是产生城市交通拥挤的重要环节。因此,要提高城市道路的通行能力,缓解交通堵塞,首先对交叉口的交通流进行合理的分析和控制,提高各个交叉口的通行能力,这也是研究城市交通问题的一个关键切入点。城市交通干线是城市路网的重要组成部分,它的通畅与否将直接影响着整个城市交通网络的运行效率。本文以城市干线作为出发点,对城市交通信号控制展开研究,重点对城市干线协调优化控制的方法进行了深入研究。本文对城市交通问题的目前现状,进行了分析和讨论,详细介绍了交通流与交通信号控制的基本理论,阐明了研究交叉口信号控制的意义。其次,重点研究城市干线交通信号的协调优化控制,分析现有协调控制方法的特点以及不足,并给出在正常交通条件下,以交通干线系统中车辆总延误最小为目标的交通信号协调控制方法,建立了以相位差为优化控制变量的双向交通流动态优化控制模型。然后,对饱和交通条件下的交通流进行分析,建立了该状态下的干线协调控制延误模型,并给出了相位差和绿灯利用率之间的关系。最后,使用基本遗传算法对双向绿波控制模型中的控制变量相位差进行优化,并在Matlab环境中对其进行10个周期的仿真实验,给出了优化后相位差的值和优化后的延误时间。并对优化后的车辆延误时间与定时控制时车辆延误时间进行了性能对比。结果表明优化后干线上车辆延误时间明显小于定时控制时的车辆延误时间。证明本文所提方法的有效性。此外,本文采用基于计算干线车辆总延误的双向绿波控制方法,由于求解过程只需要相位差和适应度函数(交叉口总延误),这使得干线协调控制与路网协调控制之间已不存在明显的界限。因此本文提出的方法具有解决城市路网协调控制问题的潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the fast development of the society and economy and the quicken of the urbanization process, a rapidly growing of automobile industry has been promoting the problem of urban traffic congestion. Countries all over the world have paid much attention to this problem, for it has great influence on people’s everyday life and social economic development. Urban intersections are the connections of the urban roads and the traffic conflict areas in urban city, to improve the capacity of urban road and relieving urban traffic congestion, effective control and management measures to intersection in urban are necessary, it is also a key breakthrough point for the research about urban traffic. Urban transportation trunks, as an important part of the urban road network, running smoothly or not directly affect the operation of the entire traffic network. In this paper, the urban traffic signal control were mainly researched, the methods of coordinated optimization control for urban trunk road were discussed in depth.In this thesis, firstly, current problems of urban traffic were analyzed and discussed, the basic theories of traffic flow and traffic signal were introduced, and the significance of the research about urban multi-intersection signal control was expounded.Secondly, coordinated optimization control of traffic signals for urban trunk road were mainly researched, coordinating control methods were investigated, a new traffic signal coordinating control method aimed at minimizing the mean vehicle delay time in urban trunk road was introduced, a two-way traffic flow dynamic optimization model using phase difference as coordinated optimization variable was presented, and then analyzed the traffic flow under traffic saturation, a coordination control delay model was presented, the relationship between phase differences and the utilization ratio of green light time was given.Last but not the least, phase difference of Control Variable in two-direction green wave coordinate control strategy was optimized using simple genetic algorithm, simulation experim ents were held in Matlab environment, optimized phase differences value and optimized delay time were given. The results showed that the vehicle delay time after optimizationisapparently shorter than the vehicle delay time under timing control condition, which indicates that themethod which was presented in this paper is effectual. What’s more, this paper adopted two-direction green wave coordinate control method, whose solving process only need phase difference and Fitness function(total delay of intersections),Which makes the clear bounds between main street coordinate control and road network coordinate control are not easy to see. It indicates that the method presented in this paper possess potential to solve the problem of urban road network coordinate control.更多还原