【作者】 姜宁；

【导师】 武奇生；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的快速发展,高速公路的通车里程、机动车的保有量不断增加,随之而来的交通事故对司乘人员的生命安全及经济发展的影响不断加剧,设计一种快速、准确的交通事件检测系统,提高交通安全势在必行。基于视频的交通事件自动检测系统和基于微波的交通事件自动检测系统都具有各自的优势与不足,然而,它们的优势存在互补性,如果将这两种检测技术进行融合,就能够得到一种快速、准确、稳定的交通事件自动检测系统。本文设计了一种结合视频技术与微波技术的高速公路交通事件自动检测系统,并对系统中的关键技术进行了深入研究。首先设计一种基于改进平均法的自适应背景模型,利用背景差分法分割出运动车辆目标,并对目标进行形态学滤波处理,提取运动车辆目标矩形区域,利用基于Kalman滤波预测与Camshift算法相结合的跟踪算法实现了对运动车辆目标的准确跟踪,根据跟踪算法获取的运动车辆目标的质心位置及矩形区域相关位置坐标,设计了一种利用车辆目标之间质心相对距离变化判断车辆碰撞事件及判断拥堵事件的算法。最后针对实验路段以往交通事件视频数据进行分析,得到交通事件发生后交通流变化的规律,结合此规律与冲击波理论,确定了微波交通检测器布设间距与数据采集周期,利用BP神经网络对所采集的数据进行了处理、分析,验证了本文所确定的微波检查器布设间距与数据采集周期的合理性,实现了视频与微波技术的融合。对比现有的交通事件自动检测系统,本文所设计的结合视频与微波技术的高速公路交通事件自动检测系统具有更高的针对性和实用性,微波交通检测器的布设与数据采集周期设置更加合理,为实际应用打下基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of national economy, the traffic mileage of freeway and retain number of automobile are increasing continuously, the influence of passengers’and drive’s safety as well as economic development caused by followed traffic incidents is intensifying, it is imperative to design a rapid, accurate automatic incident detection system to promote traffic safety.Video-based automatic incident detection system and microwave-based automatic incident detection system have advantages and disadvantages respectively, however, their advantages are complementary, a fast, accurate and stable automatic incident detection system will be obtained if combining the two detection techniques together. An automatic incident detection system based video technology and microwave technology combined is designed, and the key technologies of the system in this paper are studied deeply.An adaptive background model based on improved averaging algorithm is designed firstly, then get the moving vehicles objectives by background subtraction method, and deal with the objectives by morphological filtering, extract the destination rectangle area of moving vehicles, a tracking algorithm combined Kalman filtering with Camshift algorithm is proposed to realize tracking moving vehicles objects accurately, according to the centroids of moving vehicles and the position of rectangular area, vehicles collision judgment algorithm by judging the distance changing of the vehicles centroids and congestion incident judgment algorithm are proposed. Then, analyze the traffic incident video data of experimental road in the past, the variation of traffic flow after the traffic incidents is obtained, then combine this law and shock wave theory, to determine the layout and data acquisition cycle of microwave traffic detector, Processing and analyzing the data collected from the microwave traffic detector by using BP neural network, verify the method of layout and data acquisition cycle of microwave traffic detector in this paper are reasonable, realize the video and microwave technologies fusion。Comparing the existing automatic incident detection system,the incident detection system based video technology and microwave technology combined has higher pertinence and practicability, the layout and data acquisition cycle of microwave traffic detector are more reasonable,which lays the foundation for practical application.更多还原