【作者】 吉孔东；

【导师】 李加武；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 桥梁的振动与阻尼有着莫不可分联系,阻尼可以改善结构的振动状况,对结构有破坏作用的振动如风、地震和碰撞等,这些振动产生的能量可以利用阻尼吸收消耗。通常,混凝土和钢结构的建筑物较为普遍,在规范中,把阻尼比视为定值,这样一来,使得阻尼的问题没有得到科研与设计部门的足够重视,阻尼研究的进展十分缓慢。因此,本文详细阐述了阻尼类型、阻尼的数学模型、阻尼的理论识别方法、现场测试的识别方法等,本文以港珠澳大桥的江海直达航道桥和刘家峡悬索桥为工程背景,通过改变这两座大桥的结构阻尼比并进行风洞试验,研究阻尼对涡振和颤振的影响,对试验结果做了详细的分析；同时介绍了TMD的制振原理,利用TMD抑制主梁的涡振和颤振,达到控制桥梁风致振动的目的。此外,本文还研究了复合结构振型阻尼比(复合阻尼比),探讨了计算公式的理论依据与并给出了推导过程。两个算例验证了公式的正确性,并编写了的自己的计算程序,并针对公式计算出了复合阻尼比,解决的复合阻尼比的计算问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Bridge vibration and damping can’t be divided with all working, the damping can improve the situation of structures vibration, the destructive effects of vibration which the wind, earthquake and collision damage’s vibration generated the energy which the damping can absorb consumption. Generally, concrete structures and steel structures are more common, in the specification, the damping ratio as a design value, in this way, the damping hadn’t been pay attention to enough by the which scientific research departments and designing departments. so the damping study make progress is very slow.Therefore, This paper describes the type of damping, the damping of mathematical model, the theory of damping identification method, identification methods in field test, and in this paper, the engineering backgrounds are the direct channel of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and Liujiaxia suspension bridge, which done tests by changing the structural damping ratio to study, which is to the vortex damping vibration and flutter impact can be gave a detailed analysis of the test results; at the same time the author introduces the system of vibration theory TMD. To the purposes through TMD can control to suppress the vortex resonance and flutter.In addition, this article studied the composite structure’ modal damping ratio (the composite damping ratio), discusses the theoretical basis for the formula and gives the derivation process. through two examples prove to the correctness ofthis formula. the author edited the calculation program and calculated the composite damping ratio in this calculation, the results can better solution to the calculation of the composite damping ratio.更多还原