【作者】 陈骁；

【导师】 李忠权；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 沉积学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 海拉尔盆地是一个中新生代多旋回、叠合式盆地,具有多物源、短物源、相变快、断裂系统复杂等特点,其构造位置特殊、后期改造强烈、油气多期成藏,是大庆油田重点勘探的外围盆地。本次研究主要通过对海拉尔盆地乌尔逊凹陷搭建构造地层格架,进行构造精细解释;运用剥蚀量恢复技术对乌尔逊凹陷各构造层末期的区域性构造运动所造成的剥蚀量进行恢复,重点解析乌尔逊凹陷的剖面演化特征和平面演化特征,取得符合实际区域构造变形特征的构造地质认识,为下一步油气战略勘探奠定坚实的基础。本次研究的主要工作和取得的认识如下:(1)以构造地层学理论和研究方法作指导,搭建构造地层格架,建立构造地质模式;应用地震地质综合解释方法,进行构造精细解释。(2)乌尔逊凹陷经历了多期叠合和多期改造,基底之上存在多个不整合面(多期地层剥蚀),要进行演化史的分析,就必须恢复当期不整合面之下被剥蚀的地层。本次研究通过建立盆地形成改造的演化模式,采用了声波时差和地震趋势法两种方法对乌尔逊凹陷的剥蚀量进行了求取,得到了伊敏组二、三段井剥蚀厚度以及伊敏组二、三段和铜钵庙组二段平面剥蚀厚度。(3)利用平衡剖面技术制作4条剖面演化史,并根据地震解释编制出基底界面(T5)各时期的古构造图。综合前人的研究认识,通过分析,将乌尔逊凹陷的构造演化划分为4个形成期和3个改造期:4个形成期分别为断陷期(塔木兰沟组、铜钵庙组)、断坳期(南屯组、大磨拐河组、伊敏组)、坳陷期(青元岗组)和萎缩期(新生代);3个改造期为铜钵庙组沉积末期张扭变形期、伊敏组沉积末期张扭变形期和青元岗组末沉积末期反转变形期。(4)通过古构造分析研究,发现断陷构造层的古构造对铜钵庙组和南屯组的油气分布有重要的控制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hailar basin is a basin of muti-stage tectonical cycle and of superposition, and with the characteristic of multiple and short source, rapidly changing phase and complicated fault system. Its structural position is special; it was transformed greatly by the late tectonic; it owns multi-phase gas and oil reservoirs. And it is a key exploration area in the external basins of Daqing Oilfield.This study preliminarily analysis the geometric characteristic of Wuerxun sag in Hailar Basin by establishing stratigraphic framewok based on structural interpretation; restore the denudation which was caused by the late regional tectonic of each structural layer by the erosion quantity technology ; analyse emphatically the characteristic of the profile and graphic evolution; realize the tectonical geology that comply with the actual characteristic of regional tectonial deformation and lay a solid foundation for the further exploration of oil and gas. Through this study, the main task and understanding are as follows:(1)Establish so-when stratigraphic framewok and structural geological model by the guildance of the stratigraphic theory and methodology; interpret the structure by the application of integrated seismic and geological methods.(2)Wuerxun undergone multi-stage composition and transformation. And therefore there were several basal unconformity (stages of erosion).To conduct the analysis of evolution, the eroded formation that located under the unconformity must be restored. This report calculates the gross denudation by adopting two methods of acoustic time and seismic tendency and establishing the evolution model of forming and transforming of the basin. And then worked out the thickness of some important wells and the thickness of the second and third sections of Yimin group and the second section of Tong Bomiao group.(3)Produce four maps of profile evolution by using of the balanced profile technology, and weave the plane evolution of ancient tectonical map of basal interface(T5) according to the seismic interpretation. Combine predecessors’research results with corresponding analysis, the tectonical evolution of Wuerxun sag is divided into four forming stages and three transforming stages. The 4 forming stages are the fault phase(which contains the Tamulan and the Tongbomiao groups), the fault and depression phase(which contains the Nantun、the Damoguaihe and the Yimin groups), the depression phase(which contains the Qingyuangang group) and the perishing phase(which contains Cenozoic peroid); the 3 transforming stages are shearing transformative phase which happened in the late Tongbomiao group, shearing transformative phase which happened in the late Yimin group and reversal transformative phase in the late Qingyuangang group.(4)By analysized ancient structure, we can learn that the ancient structure of the faulted structural layers took an important role in the control of the distribution of gas and oil in the Tongbomiao and Nantun groups.更多还原