【作者】 王莉君；

【导师】 何政伟；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 遥感信息提取是遥感图像处理研究领域中的一项主要内容,也是模式分类范畴研究的课题。遥感图像信息提取的精度直接影响遥感数据的应用水平,高分辨率遥感图像中蕴含丰富信息,是很好信息源。论文以QuickBird(“快鸟”)卫星遥感影像为基础数据,进行一系列信息提取研究,探索信息提取技术和具体方法流程。研究以图形工作站作为研究平台,使用多种遥感图像处理软件对目标信息(黄河马尔挡地区的有林地信息、水体系信息和交通要素信息等)进行提取,并根据实地调研数据进行精度验证与评价,为信息的准确提取提供依据。本文的研究内容主要工作包括:(1)完成了多源空间数据集成,为GIS决策分析提供了数据支撑。针对GIS中存在的空间数据多源化问题,采用数据格式转换法实现了空间数据集成。通过利用该方法实现了研究区各类空间数据的融合集成,为GIS空间决策分析提供了数据基础。(2)依据国内外关于信息提取的基本方法,通过对遥感影像进行预处理,通过做图像增强、图像配准、数据融合,采用监督(或非监督)分类等一系列的处理工作进行了图像有用信息的提取。(3)完成了基于ERDAS Imagine、PCI和ENVI的遥感和数据图像处理技术,以黄河马尔挡地区遥感影像数据为数据源,对水系、有林地和交通信息等的非监督分类进行了探索,并将分类结果进行比较,并给出最佳提取方法的结论。(4)以不同的提取信息作为目标对象,在ERDAS Imagine、ENVI和PCI软件上,通过采用不同的算法进行信息提取。得出了针对不同提取对象,适合的软件和提取方法的结论,分别以时间和空间精度为指标对研究结果进行了评价。(5)其他分类方法的研究与实现。黄河马尔挡地区多源遥感信息提取的研究已用于实践,结果表明,本论文所提出的各方法具有现实的指导意义,能够完成许多常规手段无法完成的工作,大大节约人力、财力和物力,提高工作效率,为工程决策提供强大的技术支持。信息提取流程取得了一定程度的效果。通过论文中对一些方法的对比分析可以发现,不同的信息提取方法适用于不同的对象的信息提取,需要根据实际所需的信息类型选择合适的方法进行操作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Remote sensing images information extraction is a major content in the remote sensing images research field, and it is also the subject of the study in the pattern classification. Remote sensing images, and the accuracy of information obtained directly affect the application of remote sensing data and its practical value. High-resolution remote sensing images possess a wealth of information, which are the rich resources of needed information. This paper use the most recently applied quickbird (" QuickBird") remote sensing images as the basic data. With the help of those data, according to the information extracted technical methods and processes, a series of researchs on the information extraction have been carried out. Therefore, the author put forward information extraction techniques and specific methods and processes.This study uses the graphics workstation as a research platform, and takes various remote sensing images processors to extract the targeted information (the YellowRiver in the area of Merdang Wood land information, the water system and the information of traffic elements ) . Meanwhile, the precise verification and evaluation are based on the spot investigated and surveyed data, which are the basis of the precise extraction of information. The major researching contents and methods of this paper include :(1) Done on the integration of the space data of multiple sources and gave the data support to the GIS policy analysis. Aimed at solving the problem of mediamatrix of space data in GIS, used the data format integration to accomplish the space data integration. By using this method to achieve the amalgamation and integration of various space data in the researching area, and provided a data basis of the space policy-making and analysis in GIS.(2) Based on the basic methods of remote sensing images from domestic and overseas, therefore, extracted the useful images according to a series of processing processduers, such as enhancing the images, registering the images, amalgamating the data, and superving classfication (u nsupervising classfication) .(3)Accomplished the images’remoting and processing technique based on the ERDAS, PCI and ERDAS Imagine. Based on the remoting images data of the Yellow River in the area of Merdang Wood land as the data source, explored the unsupervising classfication of the water system and the information of traffic elements,and so on.In addition, compared with the classfied results to work out the conclusion of the best integration method.(4)In the ERDAS Imagine, ENVI and PCI softwares, used the different extracting informations as target subjects to extract informations according to the different algorithms.It turned out that different extracting subjects, should ues the suitable softwares and extracting methods.It evaluated the research results form the accuracy of the time and the space.(5)Other categories of study and implementation.The multiple sources remote sensing information extraction of the Yellow River in the area of Merdang Wood land has been already applied to the practice.It turned out that the various methods put forward in this paper have realistic directing functions, can complete plenty of unusual works which can’t be done by the regular methods, save the man power, financial investments, and materials, improve the rate working efficiency, and give a strong technique support to the project decisions.The process of extracting the informations has been improved from certain degrees.According to the comparison and analysis on those methods in this paper, the author has found out that different information extraction methods are applied to differet subjects, and we should choose the suitable methods to carry out according to the practical types of the needing informations.更多还原