【作者】 李扬红；

【导师】 邓英尔；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 地质工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 水文地质条件复杂的长大隧道,施工过程可能导致隧址区地质灾害,包括地表塌陷、涌泥、岩溶水害及地表水源枯竭等,影响隧道正常施工及周边群众的日常生产、生活。国道213线沐新路的五指山隧道全长3911m,水文地质条件极为复杂,在施工过程中多次出现特大涌水。2004年开工后的施工过程揭露了7个涌突水含水带,出口段于2005年7月下旬在K30+911、进口段于2005年8月6日在K29+542处出现特大涌水,给隧道修建造成了极大困难。因此,对五指山隧道岩溶水文地质特征及涌水原因进行研究具有重要意义。本文主要调查了五指山隧道隧址区的自然地理条件、地层岩性、地质构造、岩溶水文地质特征,研究了五指山隧道施工涌突水特征,分析了涌突水原因。论文主要研究成果如下:⑴调查发现五指山隧道隧址区存在F1和F2断层。⑵隧址区发育的岩溶形态为:地表岩溶形态以石芽、漏斗、溶蚀洼地、溶沟、峰丛、槽谷为主,地下岩溶形态以溶隙、竖井、落水洞、溶洞为主。⑶调查发现五指山隧道揭露的膏溶角砾岩层。⑷五指山隧址区地下水补径排条件为:地下水主要靠大气降水补给,排泄区分布于五指山两侧,分水岭北东坡一侧为岩溶地下水的主要径流区。⑸分析了五指山隧道施工涌水量变化,结果表明隧道涌水量动态变化非常强烈。依据涌水量变化曲线,确定了隧道主要涌突水点位置。为隧道实际涌水的计算提供了依据。⑹查明了五指山隧道出口端膏溶角砾岩的涌突水成因:出口端K30+912～K29+566段为灰岩、白云岩夹膏溶角砾岩及石膏层,其中,K30+817～K30+912及K30+686～K30+750揭露上膏溶角砾岩及下膏溶角砾岩,K30+566～K30+610揭露正在溶蚀的石膏层。上下膏溶角砾岩段是主要涌水段。⑺查明了五指山隧道“8﹒6”坍方突水的成因:突水发生于T1t砂岩内、发育宽度约100米的F2断层破碎带,处于水文地质的压力循环带,由于该破碎带充水,静水压力大,而发生突水并引起坍塌。⑻分析了五指山隧道涌水化学组分,确定了地下水中浅埋藏地带及深埋藏地带的地下水水化学特征,为隧道涌水起源的判断提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Geo-hazards such as karstic water flooding and mud surging, surface subsidence and exhausting of surface water in the tunnel stie will be caused by tunnel construction under complicated characteristics of hydraulic geology. It brought great trouble to the construction and the normal life of the people near the tunnel site.Wuzhi moutain tunnel is 3911 meters long. Under complicated characteristics of hydraulic geology, there are huge-scale water gushging many times in its construction process. And it brings great difficulties to the tunnel construction. Since the beginning of construction in 2004, seven aquiferous zones have been disclosed. In July 2005, there are huge-scale water gushings in the outlet section of the tunnel at K30+911. And in August 2005, there are huge-scale water gushings in the inlet section of the tunnle at K29+542. And it also brought big trouble to tunnel construction. So it is very significant to study on characteristics of hydraulic geology of karst and gushing in Wuzhi mountain tunnel.Depending on a lot of basic investigations such as physical geography condition in the Wuzhi mountain tunnel site, stratum lithology, geologic conformation, characteristics of hydraulic geology of karst, we found out the characteristics of water gushing in the construction of Wuzhi mountain tunnel and analyzed the causes of water gushing.The results of the dissertation are as follows:⑴Faultage F1 and F2 were found by surface investigation.⑵The development karst topography in the tunnel site is: The main topography near ground are turions, funnels, erosion-dissolution depression, dissolution gouge, peak cluster and valley. And the main topography under ground are crack, silo, sinkholes and caverns.⑶There was gypsum breccia in Wuzhi mountain tunnel.⑷The recharge-runoff-drainage condition of groundwater there is: rainfall recharges groundwater. Drainaging area is at the two sides of Wuzhi mountain. And the main runoff area is at the north-east of watershed.⑸The changes of water gushing in tunnel construction are analyzed. And it shows that water gushing is greatly dynamic changing. Depending on the function of volume of water gushing, the distributing position of the main water gushing location was precisely determined. It offered evidences to the real calculation of water gushing in the tunnel.⑹The causes of water gushing of gypsum breccia in the outlet section were found out. There are limestone, dolomite and gypsum breccia in the outlet section K30+912～K29+566. And water gushing from up-down gypsum breccia was 73 percents of the whole tunnel water gushing.⑺The causes of“8.6”water gushing and subsidence were found out. Water gushing occurred in sandstone T1t with 100 meters width in broken district of faultage and under circulatory pressure system of hydraulic geology. Water gushing occurred and caused subsidence of rock mass because of water recharging in broken district and enhance of static hydro-pressure.⑻Analyzing the chemical elements of gushing water in tunnel, we determine the hydro-chemistry characteristics of groundwater in shallow burial zone and deep buried zone. And it also offeres evidences to the origination of water gushing in the tunnel.更多还原