【作者】 陈飞平；

【导师】 于辉；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 企业管理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 汽车产业是国民经济重要的支柱产业,产业链长、关联度高、就业面广、消费拉动大,在国民经济和社会发展中发挥着重要作用;而推动汽车行业发展的重点在于汽车物流发展。一般而言,汽车物流活动中的入厂物流活动涉及数百家零部件供应商和上万个零部件种类,对其管理显得特别繁杂,选择与中国汽车业现状相适应的入厂物流管理模式具有现实需求的背景。一方面,入厂物流模式的选择是汽车物流高效且低成本运作的根本保证,模式的实质是对企业的内外部资源进行整合和协同;另一方面,入厂物流模式的选择已成为汽车供应链中关键运作环节和节点企业矛盾冲突的主要来源。为保证整车厂的JIT生产,就要求汽车入厂物流各主要节点企业高度协同运作。文中从供应链协同运作的视角研究汽车整车制造企业零部件入厂模式的选择问题。基于整车厂JIT生产需求,分别对新型集成模式和主流集配中心模式建立了整合生产策略、运输策略、库存策略的协同运作模型。研究方法主要采用解析方法和仿真方法:考虑了N个零部件供应商、一个集配中心及一个整车生产厂,模型目标是在保证整车厂JIT供应下总成本最小。在解析模型中对两种模式的极值点进行求解,得到模型的最优解,并确定影响最优解的一些变量;在仿真模型中,充分仿真系统逻辑,并对关键的变量进行了敏感性分析,从而获得两种入厂物流模式的对比特征,以及在何种情形下使用哪种模式能获得更优的供应链成本。解析分析和仿真研究的结论表明:入厂物流模式的选择决策取决于九个变量。当零部件供应商单位批次生产成本与单位库存维持成本、集配中心的单位惩罚成本与单位库存维持成本上升时,应选择集成模式;当零部件循环取货单次运输成本小于零部件干线运输的单次运输成本时,宜采用集成模式;当最小安全库存点上升时,应选择集配中心运作模式;当最大库存点和需求变化时,模式的选择较为复杂,应根据不同情形进行决策。论文的研究结果解释了当前汽车入厂物流模式分布格局,也为汽车企业入厂模式选择提供了重要指标与仿真依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The automotive industry is an important pillar industry in national economy. It has a long industrial chain and a high correlation degree. It can also boost consumer demand and employment opportunities. The automobile industry is playing an influential role in the national economy and social development. What is more, the key point of automobile profession’s development lies in the automotive logistics development. In general, the automotive inbound logistics involve hundreds of parts suppliers and over ten thousand spare part types, and its management is especially complicated. Therefore, the management mode’s choices of inbound logistics, which adapts with the Chinese automobile industry, have a realistic demand background. On the one hand, inbound logistics modes’selection is the basic guarantee for highly effective and low cost operation. The pattern essence carries on the conformity and coordination to enterprise’s internal and external resources. On the other hand, the selection of inbound logistics modes has become main conflict source of key operational links and node enterprises in the automobile supply chain.In order to ensure vehicle plant’JIT production, main node factories of automotive inbound logistics must run with highly coordination. In this paper, the modes selection of auto parts’ inbound logistics was studied from the perspective of collaborative supply chain operations. The consolidated operating model which based on JIT production requirements was established through the integration of production strategies, transportation strategies and inventory strategies. And two research methods of analysis and simulation were used. First of all, the models considered N spare part suppliers, a Supply-hub and a manufacturing plant. Models aimed to minimum total cost under ensuring JIT supply. Then, the extreme points were solved in the integrated mode and the contrastive mode of Supply-hub. In addition, the simulation model was based on the analytical model. This article used the professional EXTEND simulation software, simulated system logic fully, and carried on sensitive analysis of key variables. In turn, the comparative features of two inbound logistics modes were obtained. The conclusions of analytical analysis and simulation study show: the mode selection directly depended on the values of the nine variables in the model, and they would inevitably affect the decision-making. When the batch unit production costs, inventory carrying costs per unit at parts suppliers, penalty for over stocking per unit and inventory carrying costs per unit at supply hub maintained the rising trend, the total costs of integrated mode and Supply-hub mode would increase. Moreover, the integrated mode whose total cost was lower should be a good choice. When transportation cost per times in the parts cycle was not higher than that of trunk transportation, Milk-run mode should be adopted. When smallest safety stock rises, the Supply-hub operation pattern should be selected. When established maximum inventory and plant’s demand increased unceasingly, several situations would present one after another. The pattern choice should be made decision according to the different situation.The results explain the distribution pattern in the current inbound logistics modes. They also provide important indicators and simulation basis for inbound logistics mode selection.更多还原