【作者】 邓成甫；

【导师】 吴叶红；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会、经济的飞速发展,农民的生活水平不断提高,农村的生活模式发生了巨大改变,但是大多数农村仍然遵循着传统的居住模式,这就导致了居住模式不能适应生活模式的改变,也不能满足农村的实际需要。同时,随着社会主义新农村建设的逐步深入,农村过去脏、乱、差的形象也亟待改变。这些都属于居住环境的研究范畴。因此,根据农村的实际情况,调研分析和合理改善农村居住环境成为新时代所面临的新课题,也是新农村建设的重要课题。湖南衡阳地区地处夏热冬冷气候区,农村居住环境现状极具夏热冬冷地区的典型性,该地区农村经济发展较快,具备居住环境改善的条件,同时衡东县大霞新农村示范片也是湖南省新农村建设示范片,针对该地区的研究成果对其它地区的新农村建设具有一定的参考价值。本文以与住宅密切相关的几个方面为切入点,对本课题进行了分析研究。论文第一部分(第一章)界定了农村住宅居住环境的概念,确定了研究范围,对农村住宅居住环境改善研究的背景、意义、主要问题以及研究现状进行了深入分析,提出了论文研究的结构框架。论文第二部分(第二章)简要介绍了衡阳地区的地理人文、气候、经济等居住环境的影响因素,从建筑选址、单体布局、传统建筑风格、空间序列关系及结构类型五个方面分析了衡阳地区农村住宅建筑的现状特征;分析得出了农村住宅居住环境亟待改善的原因、发展趋势以及农村对居住环境的实际需求,总结得出衡阳地区农村住宅居住环境需要改善的主要内容。这些为后面具体的居住环境改造设计提供了坚实的理论基础。论文第三部分是本文的核心部分,主要从建筑外环境、建筑单体、室内热环境、生态技术四个方面展开讨论如何改善湖南衡阳地区农村住宅居住环境,包括三、四、五、六四章。第三章从建筑外环境相关方面对农村住宅居住环境改善提出了改造方法对策,主要从与住宅密切相关的农村公共基础及公共服务设施、卫生环境、建筑群落空间、新农村景观四个方面展开,具体涉及到道路交通设施改造、饮水安全、公共服务设施建设、休闲娱乐设施建设、院落空间改造、污水以及垃圾处理、营造丰富的村落空间及富有地域特色的新农村景观等内容。第四章首先从建筑院落方面展开,分析衡阳地区院落布置现状、存在的问题,从院落空间、庭院绿化、院墙三个方面提出改造策略,然后分析典型户型平面及其存在问题,有针对性的提出改造策略和适应性改造方案;针对现状建筑立面提出景观陪衬、稍加装饰、穿衣戴帽、重点部位装饰和加建五种方法;针对屋顶存在问题提出平改坡、平改绿、改通风隔热屋顶三种改造方法;分析室内装修现存问题,提出应以经济、美观、舒适为基本原则搞好农村住宅室内装修,同时提出应注意空间尺度的合理性以及室内空间的合理利用。第五章介绍热环境调研,分析数据,总结得出衡阳地区室内热环境存在的问题,提出有针对性的室内热环境改善对策。第六章从环保生态建材、生态能源、生态技术三个方面展开,分析适宜衡阳地区的改善住宅居住环境可采用的生态措施。最后,论文作了总结性的论述,对今后新农村建设居住环境改善进行展望,提出应以实事求是的态度、高瞻远瞩的思路以及因地制宜的工作方针去解决新农村建设过程中居住环境相关问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of society and economy and the continuous improvement of farmers’living level, there has been a great change in the lifestyle in rural areas. However, traditional residential mode is still followed by most villagers. As a result, this kind of residential mode cannot adapt to the changes of lifestyle, so that it cannot meet the actual needs of rural areas. Meanwhile, with the further study on construction of new socialist countryside, the image of the dirty, disorderly and bad village must be changed. All these are parts of the research of residence environment. Therefore, according to the facts of rural areas, investigative analysis and reasonable improvement of residence environment in rural areas is a new subject in the new era as well as a key subject about new countryside construction.Hengyang District in Hunan province has the climate of which the characteristic is hot in summer and cold in winter. Living environment in this rural area is a type of the one in hot summer and cold winter regions. The rural area has a rapid economic growth and is suitable for improvement of living environment. What’s more, the demonstration of new countryside construction in Daxia Village, Hengdong County is the demonstration of Hunan Province. The research results based on this rural area provide a reference for other areas in new countryside construction.This article is trying to make a profound analysis to the subject based on some aspects which is closely related to residence.The first part of the article (Chapter One)gives a concept of living environment about countryside residence to define what to study, and makes a profound analysis to the background, the significance, and the research current situation of the subject to propose how to study the contents in detail.The secondary part of the article (Chapter Two)gives a brief introduction of influence factors of residence environment in Hengyang District such as humanity geography, climate and economy. Plus, it makes an analysis on current characters of residential housing from five aspects which are site selection, building unit layout, traditional architectural style, spatial sequence relations and structure type. Then we can obtain the reasons for urgent improvement and the trends of residence living environment, the actual demand for it and how to improve it in Hengyang District. All these provide a sufficient theoretical foundation for specific reconstruction design of residence environment in future. The third part is a key part of the article, including four chapters from Chapter Three to Six. It discusses how to improve living environment of countryside residence in Hengyang District mainly based on external environment of architecture, building unit, indoor thermal environment and ecological technique. Chapter Three takes an emphasis on reconstruction measures to improving living environment of countryside residence from the point of external environment of architecture. Four aspects closely related to residence are mainly involved, which are public infrastructure service facility in rural areas, courtyard environment of residence, hygienic conditions and new village landscape. In concrete, they contain so many items as improvement of road traffic facility, safety of drinking water, design of public service architecture and recreation facility, design of courtyard space and wall, sewage disposal, waste treatment and specific landscape for new village. In Chapter Four, it takes an example of building unit to study. For the disadvantage of the plan of current typical house type, reconstruction strategy and scheme are proposed. For the fa?ade of exiting architectures, six methods are put forward such as grafting one twig on another, little dressing up, dressing, capping, decorating at important positions and adding. For the roof, the original flat roofs are changed to pitched roofs, greening roofs and roofs with better performance of heat insulation and ventilation. For interior trim, a fundamental principle of economy, beauty and comfort is recommended to improve interior trim of countryside residence, and rational utilization of interior space should be given more attention as well. In Chapter Five, through the investigation and data analysis about indoor thermal environment in Hengyang District, some problems about thermal environment are concluded. Plus, pointed measures to improve thermal environment are put forward. On the basis of ecological building materials, ecological energy and ecological technique, Chapter Six makes an analysis on adoptable ecological measures which are suitable for improving living environment in Hengyang District.Finally, the article makes a thorough conclusion, gives a prospect on improvement of living environment about new countryside residence in future, and puts forward a way to resolve the problems related to living environment in the process of new countryside construction, which should be with down-to-earth attitude, far-sighted mind and site specific working policy.更多还原