【作者】 葛玉琦；

【导师】 夏洪流；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 防灾减灾工程及防护工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 我国幅员辽阔,同时也是一个多地震的国家。近年来发生的多次强震震害显示,大量的人员伤亡及财产损失都是由于工程结构的严重破坏和倒塌所引起的。“5.12汶川”地震震害调查表明,村镇建筑的倒塌最为严重,究其原因,村镇建筑大量采用的是砌体结构,而现行规范中最主要的砌体抗震措施:现浇构造柱—圈梁技术,由于施工过程多、工期长、施工工艺要求高等不利因素,在大量村镇自建房屋中未能得到普遍使用。针对上述问题,申请者所在研究团队提出了芯柱式构造柱技术以解决现浇构造柱在应用中存在的多种问题。为验证该技术的适用性和有效性,研究团队进行了11个砌体墙片的低周反复荷载试验,分别探讨了竖向应力水平、构造措施、高宽比和洞口布置这四个主要因素对墙体抗剪承载力的影响,并从砌体墙片的破坏过程与破坏形态、荷载与变形、延性、刚度和耗能能力等方面分析了芯柱式构造柱在不同受力状态及构造措施下的抗震性能。试验结果表明:芯柱式构造柱—圈梁体系可对墙体起到有效的约束作用;构造柱与墙体的良好拉结是发挥约束作用的关键因素;与素砌体墙片相比,芯柱式构造柱—圈梁措施可有效提高墙体抗剪承载力、变形能力、延性、耗能能力;与规范现浇构造柱约束墙体相比,芯柱式构造柱墙体承载力略低,但变形能力、延性和耗能能力等与传统现浇构造柱相当或稍好。芯柱式构造柱可以满足低烈度地震区的抗震设防要求,适于在低烈度村镇建筑中推广应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a vast territory, and also has frequent earthquakes. In recent years, seismic damages after lots of strong earthquakes shows that, a large number of casualties and property losses are caused by severe damage and collapse of the engineering structure. The seismic damage survey of Wenchuan earthquake shows that, the collapse of rural buildings is the most serious. The reason is that the masonry structure is widely used in rural buildings, and cast-in-situ tie-columns and beams which are the main seismic fortification measures for the masonry structure in the present code, have not been widely used by plenty of self-built rural buildings, because of many unfavorable factors such as the complex construction process, long construction period, high requirements of construction technology and so on..Aiming at these problems, the core-tie-columns to solve the various problems, that exist in the application of the cast-in-situ tie-columns, are presented by the applicant’s research team proposed. To verify the applicability and effectiveness of the technology, 11 masonry walls are tested under pseudo-static load, four main factors influencing the shear strength of masonry wall are considered, such as the level of the vertical stress, structural measures, aspect ratio and the layout of holes; And under the different forced state and structural measures, the seismic performance of core-tie-columns is analyzed through the failure process and the failure mode, the load and deformation, ductility, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity and so on.The results show that confined function of core-tie-columns and tie-beams is effective, and good connection using bars between tie-columns and walls is the key factor to play the confined function. Compared with unconfined masonry walls, bearing capacity, deformability, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the wall are improved effectively by the measure of core-tie-columns and tie-beams. Compared with the wall confined by cast-in-situ tie-columns, the bearing capacity of the wall confined by core-tie-columns is slightly lower, but the deformation capacity, the ductility and energy dissipation capacity are equal or slightly better. The core–tie-column can meet requirement for seismic fortification of low earthquake intensity regions, and can be widely applied to rural buildings in low earthquake intensity regions.更多还原