【作者】 胡林龙；

【导师】 杨幸；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 环境工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 高浓度苯酚氨氮废水主要来源于石油化工、焦化等工业行业,其水量大,成分复杂,是目前污染较严重的工业废水之一。苯酚是原型质毒物,氨氮导致水体富营养化,两者的高浓度对后续生化处理中微生物有抑制作用,因此该废水处理难度大,处理成本高。乳状液膜分离技术作为一种新型、高效、低成本、无二次污染的分离手段,近年来在环境保护得到广泛应用。本论文利用乳状液膜分离技术对高浓度苯酚氨氮模拟废水进行了预处理试验研究,在确定液膜体系的主要组成后,研究了表面活性剂用量、液体石蜡用量、膜内相浓度、油内比、乳水比、外水相pH值和反应时间7个单因素对乳状液膜稳定性及废水苯酚氨氮去除效率的影响,并采用正交试验确定了试验的最佳操作条件。去除苯酚效率最高的试验条件为:表面活性剂的含量比为3%、膜内相浓度为质量浓度2% NaOH溶液、石蜡的含量为11%、油内比为1:1、乳水比1:7、pH值5和反应时间5分钟;去除氨氮效率最高的试验条件为:表面活性剂的含量比为3%、膜内相浓度为质量浓度20% H2SO4溶液、石蜡的含量为7%、油内比为3:1、乳水比1:5、pH值12和反应时间5分钟。在上述最佳条件下,利用先处理氨氮后处理苯酚的操作顺序分别对模拟废水和实际垃圾渗滤液进行苯酚氨氮去除试验。实验结果较好且具重现性,其中模拟废水经处理后苯酚去除率在93%以上,氨氮去除率在96%以上,剩余苯酚浓度在70mg/L以下,剩余氨氮浓度在32mg/L以下;垃圾渗滤液经处理后氨氮去除效率最高达97.13%,苯酚去除效率最高达95.98%,剩余氨氮值最低55.19mg/L,剩余苯酚值最低3.90mg/L,达到试验设计中苯酚氨氮含量均在100mg/L以下预处理目标,有利于后续生化处理工艺的运行。通过对乳状液膜分离法新污染物质引入及技术经济分析,考虑回收硫酸铵的效益情况下,废水吨水处理费用约为0.65元。该技术无二次污染,具有技术经济可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 High strength ammonia phenol-containning wastewater is mainly produced inpetrochemical, coking and other industry, due to its large scale and complex components, it is one of the severer contamination. Phenol is a toxicant of prototype, ammonia is a contributing factor for water eutrophication, above all, their high concentrations will inhibit the microbial growth, so this waste water is difficult to deal with and its treatment cost is high.Emulsion liquid membrane is a new technology of efficiency, low-cost and no secondary pollution, in recent years was widely used in environmental protection.In this paper, emulsion liquid membrane pretreatment of the high concentration ammonia simulated wastewater was studied. Firstly the main components of liquid membrane system were determined, then seven main factors including the surfactant dosage, liquid paraffin dosage, membrane inward concentration, the ratio between the volume of oil phase and the sulfuric acid, emulsion-water ratio, the external phase pH value and reaction time were studied by single factors anlysis. Their effect on the stability of emulsion liquid membrane, ammonia and phenol removal efficiency were also analysed, according to orthogonal experiments results, the optimal operating conditions was determined.The most efficient removing phenol conditions were as follows, surfactant mass ratio was 3%, the inner membrane phase was NaOH solution with of 2%, paraffin mass ratio was 11%, the ratio between the volume of oil phase and the sulfuric acid 1:1, emulsion-water volume ratio was 1:7, pH value was 5 and the reaction time was 5 minutes;The most efficient removing ammonia nitrogen conditions were as follows: surfactant mass ratio was 3%, the inner membrane phase was H2SO4 solution with of 20% mass concentration, paraffin mass ratio was 7%, the ratio between the volume of oil phase and the sulfuric acid was in 1:1, emulsion-water ratio volume was 1:7, pH value was 12 and the reaction time was 5 minutes;on these conditions, the removing ammonia test was first carried out, the removing phenol experiment was followed, the simulated wastewater and landfill leachate was treated by emulsion liquid membrane technology respectively.The results indicated this technology was efficient and had reproducibility, simulated wastewater test results were as follows, the phenol removing rates was more than 93%, ammonia removing efficiency was also above 96%, the remaining phenol concentration was less than 70mg / L, the remaining ammonia concentration was less than 32mg / L .on the other hand, leachate treatment results were as follows, ammonia removing efficiency was also above 97.13%, the phenol removing rates was more than 95.98%, the minimum remaining phenol concentration was less than 3.9mg / L, the minimum remaining ammonia concentration was less than 55.19mg / L. these achieved the aim of experiment design(the aim were both ammonia and phenol remainning concentration would be less than 100mg/L), also this pretreatment would do good to subsequent biological treatment process.At last, by emulsion liquid membrane separation of material to introduce new pollution research and technical economic analysis, taking into account the benefits of recovery of ammonium sulfate, the waste tons of water treatment cost is about 0.65 yuan. The technology is no secondary pollution, with economic feasibility.更多还原