【作者】 张洋；

【导师】 杨昌柱；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 由于氮污染所引起的水体富营养化以及对人类健康的影响已经受到人们的广泛关注。生活污水的排放是水体中氮污染的一个重要来源,但是传统的污水脱氮技术不但复杂,氮的去除效率也很低,因此开发一种经济有效的生活污水脱氮新技术成为研究的热点。好氧颗粒污泥是一种介于传统的活性污泥和生物膜之间的生物聚集体,其独特的物理结构和微生物种群的梯度分布使好氧颗粒污泥对污染物的去除具有传统活性污泥所无法比拟的优势。但是好氧颗粒污泥目前还处于基础理论研究阶段,技术不够成熟,实际工程应用也很少。本实验首先研究了进水氨氮浓度和碳氮比这两个因素对好氧颗粒污泥脱氮的影响。通过逐步改变进水氨氮浓度(10、30、60、100mg/L)研究其对好氧颗粒污泥脱氮的影响,发现进水氨氮浓度在60mg/L以下时好氧颗粒污泥有较好的脱氮效果,总氮的平均去除率达到80%。但是当进水氨氮浓度上升到100mg/L后总氮的去除率急剧下降,最低时只有28%,并且好氧颗粒污泥系统在此时表现出不稳定性,颗粒有解体现象。与此同时,COD的去除率则变化不大,一直维持在89%以上。在研究进水碳氮比对颗粒脱氮性能的影响时,确定了三个碳氮比34、26、17,发现碳氮比为17时总氮的去除效果最好,去除率在94%以上,但是此时COD去除效果下降至73%。在研究好氧颗粒污泥处理化粪池污水的实验中发现好氧颗粒污泥对化粪池污水有稳定的处理效果, TN、NH3-N、COD的平均去除率为47%、61%、78%,但是后期反应器中污泥浓度较低,一直维持在2500 mg/L左右。更多还原

【Abstract】 People have noticed that the nitrogen leads to eutrophication. Domestic sewage is one of the main resources of nitrogen. The traditional nitrogen remove technologies have too much procedures and can hardly get a high nitrogen removal rate. Therefore, exploiting a new nitrogen remove technology is the research focus. Aerobic granular sludge is a kind of biological floc which has the characteristics both of bio-film and activated sludge. It has advantages in pollutant removing due to its special structure and microbial population. Aerobic granular sludge technology is still in laboratory study and few used in practical engineering.The research studied on the efficiency of influent NH3-N concentration and C/N in the biological nitrogen removing process. According change the influent NH3-N concentration (10, 30, 60, 100mg/L), the experiment showed that when the influent NH3-N concentration is lower than 60mg/L, the aerobic granular sludge got the best nitrogen removal rate. The average removal rate of TN was 80%. When the influent NH3-N concentration increased to 100mg/L, the TN removal rate dropped down sharply to the minimum value of 28%. Meanwhile the aerobic granular system was unstable with the granules disjointed. But the COD removal rate was still above 89%. The result showed that when the C/N was 17, the system got a highest TN removal rate(>94%), but the COD removal rate decreased to 73%. The cesspool sewage treatment experiment showed the aerobic granular sludge had a stable removal efficiency. The average removal rate of TN、NH3-N and COD were 47%、61% and 78% respectively. In the late experiment period, the MLSS maintained about 2500mg/L.更多还原