【作者】 谢栋；

【导师】 严正；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 上海电网处于快速发展的中期阶段,并逐步迈向饱和期,在这个过程中,上海电网逐渐体现出典型的大规模受端电网的特征。一般认为,在饱和电力系统的受端电网由于电网输电、供电压力的增加较易出现电压失稳事故,所以提前进行上海受端电网的电压稳定评估具有重要意义。BPA是在电力系统中广泛应用的仿真分析计算软件,功能十分强大。本文针对大受端电网的运行特征,基于BPA提出了静态电压安全评估的分析流程。在此基础上,将新兴的网格计算技术引入到电压安全稳定评估中,进行合理的任务划分,高效的任务调度,设计并实现了基于CAS(Client-Agent-Server)网格环境的电压安全稳定评估平台。上海电网实际算例表明,网格环境下的基于BPA的电压安全稳定并行化评估,能获得线性加速比,提高了分析计算的速度和效率,为分析上海电网的电压安全稳定提供了有效的分析平台。将基于CAS网格环境的电压安全稳定评估平台成功的应用于上海电网,对2012年上海电网通过直流大规模受电情况下的电压稳定性问题进行评估。重点分析了上海电网的潮流分布、各分区的无功备用情况。在此基础上,研究了上海全网的正常运行方式下和N-m故障下的电压稳定裕度以及上海电网各个分区的电压稳定裕度,找到了上海电网的薄弱区域。最后,从交流系统故障、直流系统故障、交直流复故障三方面评估了上海电网的暂态电压稳定,找到了易引起电压问题的失稳模式。随着电网的不断发展,逐步推行节能调度已是大势所趋。因此预先分析节能调度对上海电网安全稳定的影响具有重要的指导意义。本文在上海现行电网的基础上,从节能调度数学模型入手,针对上海电网是个大受端电网的特点,从N-1校核、静态电压稳定、暂态电压稳定等方面,研究分析了节能调度对上海电网电压稳定的影响,并从中找到上海电网实施节能调度后电网的薄弱区域以及可能会引起暂态电压失稳的故障方式。低压减载是防止电压崩溃的最有效的方法之一。本文基于负荷的多面性,提出了负荷综合因子的概念,在此基础上,提出了低压减载优化模型。然后,将优胜劣汰机制引入到人工鱼群算法中,提出了改进人工鱼群算法,并将其用于求解低压减载模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Shanghai Grid is in the middle period of fast development and is gradually saturating. Shanghai Grid gradually shows the features of large receiving-end grid during this period. Generally considered, voltage instability may appear in the receiving-end grid within saturated system when the requirement of transmission and supply increases. Thus voltage stability assessment to Shanghai receiving-end grid in advance has great meaning.BPA is a simulation software for analysis and calculation which has great performance and is applied widely to power system. To the operation of large receiving-end grid, the essay brings forward the analysis flow of security assessment of static voltage on the basis of BPA. Moreover, apply the burgeoning grid computing technology to the assessment of voltage security and stability, carry out reasonable task partition and effective task scheduling, and design and accomplish the assessment of voltage security and stability based on the CAS (Client Agent Server) grid environment. The example of Shanghai grid calculating shows that the assessment of voltage security and stability based on BPA can acquire linear speedup, increase the speed and efficiency of analysis and calculation, and provide the analysis base for security and stability of the voltage of Shanghai grid.The essay applies the success of the assessment of voltage security and stability of CAS grid environment to Shanghai Grid and assesses the voltage security issue of Shanghai large DC power receiving in 2012. It stresses the situation of power flow distribution, district grid and reactive power reserve of Shanghai Grid. On this basis, the essay analyzes the voltage security limit under the normal operation and under the N-m situation of the whole Shanghai Grid and the voltage security limit of every district grid and it finds the weak region of Shanghai Grid. Finally, the essay evaluates the transient voltage security of Shanghai Grid by the aspects of AC fault, DC fault and ADC fault, finds the instability mode which causes the voltage problems.Energy-saving scheduling is more and more popular policy with the development of grid. So analyzing energy-saving scheduling has great directing meaning to the voltage security and stability of Shanghai Grid. On the basis of present Shanghai Grid and its feature of being a large receiving end, the essay uses the energy-saving scheduling math mode to analyze the influences from energy-saving scheduling math mode to Shanghai Grid by the aspects of static voltage stability and transient voltage stability, finds the possible weak region of Shanghai Grid after the application of the energy-saving schedule and the possible transient voltage instability modes.Under voltage load shedding is one of the most effective methods to avoid voltage collapse. The essay puts forward the concept of load synthesized factor on the basis of the multidimensional feature of load and puts forward the optimized under voltage load shedding mode on this basis. Moreover, the essay applies the mechanism of selection whereby the superior enterprises will prosper and the inferior ones be eliminated to the artificial fish-swarm algorithm, puts forward the method of improving the artificial fish-swarm algorithm and use the method to get the mode of under voltage load shedding.更多还原