【作者】 刘朝山；

【导师】 方从启；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 结构工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济实力的不断增强,近几十年基础建设发展迅猛。桥梁在交通运输中起着重要作用,服役期间其结构的安全性至关重要。由于在长期的使用过程中,可能会发生各种结构损伤,造成其安全性降低和使用功能退化。为避免灾难性事故发生,桥梁结构安全监测的重要性尤为突出。青岛海湾大桥工程是国家级重点工程,包括一座悬索桥(大沽河航道桥)和两座斜拉桥(沧口航道桥和红岛航道桥),其结构健康监测在桥梁后期运行中对保障大桥安全起着重要作用。本文以青岛海湾大桥为背景,着眼于实际工程应用,以青岛海湾大桥结构健康监测的主要组成部分为内容来展开。论文主要内容为:(1)研究了实时数据采集,在有限元分析的基础上制定了传感器布设方案,并进行了主要数据采集设备的选型。按照安全性、耐久性、适用性三方面内容,制定了人工数据采集方案。(2)重点研究了模态分析和各类损伤指标。给出了模态分析各算法的详细计算流程,并编制相应程序进行模拟。其中模态分析包括模态分析预处理方法RDT、NExT和模态参数辨识方法ERA、SSI以及模态参数辨识的辅助处理手段EMD。(3)重点研究了青岛海湾大桥的安全性评估和耐久性评估。制定了具体的评估策略和实施过程,其中安全性评估采用层次分析法结合基于响应面的蒙特卡洛可靠度分析策略。耐久性评估采用模糊理论结合层次分析的策略。建立了大沽河航道桥的安全性评估模型和耐久性评估模型,并分别给出了实际算例。更多还原

【Abstract】 With China’s economic development,infrastructure system is also developing rapidly in recent decades. All kind of bridges play an important role in transportation engineering. The bridge safety of its structure is essential during its service period. A variety of structural damage may occur in the process of the long-term use, resulting in reduction of its safety and degradation of its service function. Bridge safety monitoring is particular useful to avoid catastrophic accedents.The Qingdao Bay Bridge engineering is a state-level key project. It includes a suspension bridge (the Daguhe waterway bridge) and two cable-stayed bridges (the CangKou waterway bridge and the Red Island waterway bridge).The structural health monitoring plays an important role in the period of its service. Taking the Qingdao Bay Bridge as the background in this paper, with an eye to the practical application, the structural health monitoring was researched. The paper was organized by main components of the Qingdao Bay Bridge Structural Health Monitoring.The content of the paper mainnly includes the following aspects: (1) Real-time data acquisition has been studied.Based on the finite element analysis, sensors layout plan was developed and main data acquisition equipments were selected. In accordance with safety, durability, applicability, manual data acquisition program was developed. (2) Modal analysis and various types of damage index were studied accordingly. Modal analysis was given a detailed calculation process of each method, which was programmed and simulated, including modal analysis pretreating method (RDT, NExT), modal parameter identification method ?(ERA, SSI) and auxiliary processing means of modal parameter identification (EMD). (3) For data evaluation, safety evaluation and durability evaluation of the Qingdao Bay Bridge were closely studied. Specific assessment strategy and implementation process was developed. For the safety evaluation, analytic hierarchy process combined with reliability theory was used,in which reliability was calculated with Monte Carlo Method based on response surface. To meet the need of real-time evaluation, pre-damage analysis was put forward. For the durability evaluation, Analytic Hierarchy Process combined with Fuzzy was used. Additionally, the paper has builded safety evaluation model and durability evaluation model of the Daguhe Bridge. Examples of safety evaluation and durability evaluation were demonstrated respectively.更多还原