基站天线方向图测试系统的开发

【作者】 朱菊香；

【导师】 毛毳； 姚华良；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 软件工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 从天线问世到现在,方向图测量一直成为人们关注的重点课题之一,而今随着现代分析技术和设计的发展,方向图测量变成越来越不能缺少的一部分。天线设计和方向图测量总是相辅相成,密不可分。为了能深入掌握各种天线的性能和特点,必须对天线进行准确的测量。天线方向图测量的目的是为了测定或检验天线的辐射特性。天线的波束、天线增益、天线旁瓣特性等多项指标都是由天线方向图确定的。它的测量需要靠系统来实现的。本课题最重要的目的是为了检查每个辐射单元的辐射特性正确与否,以及辐射单元间的阻抗匹配正确与否。本文对这点目的做了数据比对以及验证。这点作用在天线工程领域中意义重大,它可以用于检验生产工艺,也可以用于不合格品维修。近场测量是现代天线测量的首选方法。可是考虑到测试场所,测试成本,我们此处采用源场测量。本文的主要工作如下:1.从电磁场原理出发,研究讨论电基本振子的辐射机理。2.从电基本振子辐射原理出发,对对称振子的辐射方向图进行了分析和介绍基站天线方向图的基本理论,分析方向图计算方法。3.介绍方向图测量技术,并且着重介绍了场源分布法测量技术的原理。4.最终开发了基于VEE平台的天线垂直极化方向图自动测试系统软件包,可完成自动测试,包括软件设计,硬件设计,测试过程,测试结果验证等等。集系统控制、数据处理、报表输出于一体,目前已投入使用并取得很好的效果。本文的研究结果是对天线测量理论的补充,并对准确测量天线的性能有理论指导意义和实际应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since antenna appearance, directivity measurement always is important problem for people. Now with development of modern analysis and design technology, directivity measurement becomes more and more indispensable. To know antenna performance and character well in depth, take exact measurement for antenna. Directivity measurement purpose is radiation character verification. Wave beam, gain, sub wave beam for antenna are decided by directivity chart. The measurement needs system to realize.Most important purpose for the article is to check the radiation performance for dipole unit. The system also can check the impedance matches of radiation units. The paper has data comparing and performance verification for the purpose. It is very important for antenna engineering. The test system can check production process, also can be used for failed product repair. For test method, near-field test is first optional. But considering test site, test cost, we use fountain field measurement.The main contents of this paper are follows:1. Based on electromagnetism theory, research electric dipole unit radiation theory.2. Based on dipole unit radiation theory, analyze symmetry dipole unit directivity, introduce directivity theory for base station antenna and calculate method.3. Introduce directivity measurement technology, especially for fountain field measurement theory.4. Designed and coded a antenna planar measurement system based on VEE software. The system can complete antenna auto- measurement for vertical polarization, including software design, hardware design, test procedure and verification. The system integrates the functions of system controlling, data processing and test report generating. Now this system is applied for the practical use.更多还原