【作者】 滕燕华；

【导师】 张文明；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 社会学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 内源性发展理论是在否定外源性发展存在贫富差距扩大、环境污染加重、传统文化无法传承等弊端的基础之上而提出和兴盛的。内源性发展具有“以人为本”的思想,注重经济与社会文化协调发展。上海是一个开放、经济高度发展的大都市,其市场机制、经济资源配置结构和政治意识相对较为成熟。但是上海农村却仍保持着原有的村容村貌,那么上海农村是否是具有内源性发展的特点呢?本文试图在借鉴和吸收对于内源性发展理论的既有研究成果的基础上,梳理内源性发展理论所包含的相关因素和理论重点,以上海崇明的FJ村为例,以村民的日常经济生活为切入点,通过村民的经济生活来看其背后的村民价值观念、村落的社会结构,并试图将内源性发展理论浓缩和运用在村落的变迁过程中从而把握村落的特征,揭示村落社会结构与村落自立发展的相互关系,分析上海农村是否拥有内源性发展的相关特点和探索阻碍其发展的客观因素。本文主要从村落的土地、集体经济与个体行动、精英与村民的社会关系网络这三个方面进行展开。对于第三章本土资源的土地主要是从土地的经济属性与文化属性进行分析,对于土地经济属性的分析可以了解FJ村土地耕种及收益状况、村民对于土地价值的理解及其行动等；对于土地文化属性的探讨可以了解村民对于土地的意识,进而了解村民的身份认同；村民在土地收益基础上所做出的理性选择实际上反应了村落整体的发展道路。第四章的集体经济与个体行动是村落整体性是否协调的集中体现,对于探究村落的内源性具有重要意义。集体经济的传统与变迁主要是基于国家政策的转变,从而也调整了集体经济的资金来源；村民的个体行动是以村内的手工业为个案进行阐述,村内手工业的发展不再只依靠没有效率的纯劳动力技能,手工业的资金、市场等也更依赖于外部环境。第五章的精英与村民的社会关系网络是从村内精英的结构、村民意识及乡约制度等角度论述。其中包括了村内的红白喜事、村民地域身份的建构、乡约制度与法律间的碰撞等内容。可见,FJ村缺乏有效精英力量的支撑,村民间沟通与合作的机会在不断减少,村内部的凝聚力在不断减弱。因此,作为在上海辐射范围内的上海农村,以崇明县FJ村为例,并没有完全具有高度民主自治、产业结构合理、集体经济发达、村民身份认同强烈等特点,也无法实现本土价值,没有协调和利用本土资源进行有竞争力的村域建设。所以,FJ村虽具有内源性发展的一些基础特点,但并不在内源性发展的轨道上发展。通过对于一个传统村落的剖析和论述,能更为深入地了解和认识内源性发展；同时,也能对于其他村落的发展也能起到借鉴作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Endogenous development theory is existing and flourishing based on negative the disadvantages of exogenous development. The disadvantages are the widening gap between rich and poor, environmental pollution and heavier, and the traditional culture can’t heritage. Endogenous development has "people-oriented" thinking, focusing on the coordinated development of economic and social culture. Shanghai is an open and economy highly developed metropolis, its market mechanisms, and the structure of economic resources and political sense is relatively more mature. However, Shanghai still has maintained the original village landscape of the rural village, so whether the rural area of Shanghai has the characteristic of endogenous development?This article attempts to classify related factors and theory’s key included in the endogenous development theory which is based on using for reference and learning the existing research of the endogenous development theory. Shanghai Chongming’s FJ village as an example, with the villagers’daily economic Life as an entry point, and through the economic life of the villagers to look at the values of the villagers, the village’s social structure, and try to concentrate endogenous development theory to apply in the course of village’s development, that can grasp the characteristics of the village, can reveal the relationship between the village community structure and self-development of the village, can analysis whether Shanghai rural area has the elevant characteristics of endogenous development and to d exploration of the objective factors that hinder its development.This paper, starts from these three aspects:the village land, collective economy and individual action, social relations’network of the elite and the villagers. Chapter III the land of native resources, mainly analyze from the economic attributes of land and cultural attributes of land. The analysis of the economic attributes of land can learn land cultivation and income status of FJ village, the understand of land value of villagers and their actions; the analysis of the cultural attributes of land can understand the sense of land of villagers, than to understand villagers’ self-identity; rational choice made on the basis of the land revenue of villagers actually reflects the overall development of village roads.Chapter IV the collective economy and individual action is a concentrated expression whether village’s integrity is harmony, has great significance for exploring the village’s endogeny. The tradition and changing of collective economy is mainly based on the changes of national policy, and thus to adjust the sources of funding of collective economy; the individual actions of villagers are described on the cases of handicraft in this village. The development of handicraft in this village don’t rely on the inefficient pure workforce skills, and capital and markets of handicraft are more dependent on the external environment.Chapter V the social relations network of the elite and the villagers are discussed from the village elite structure, awareness of villagers and rural institution, which includes the weddings and funerals in this village, the building of villagers’regional identity, the collision between the rural institution and the law and so on. So, FJ village has lack of effective support of the elite, and the opportunity of communication and cooperation among the villagers continue to decrease, and the cohesive force within the village continues to weaken.Therefore, the Shanghai rural areas within the Shanghai radiation, as a case study of FJ Village in Chongming County, are not completely have a high degree of democratic self-government, reasonable of industrial structure, developed of the collective economy, a strong identity of the villagers and other characteristics. It also can not be achieved the local value, can not coordinate and use local resources to make the competitive construction of the village fields. Though FJ village has some basic features of endogenous development, not act on the road of endogenous development. Through analysis and discussion of a traditional village can be more in-depth understanding and knowledge of endogenous development; at the same time, also play a role in learning to the development of other villages.更多还原