萧红小说的乡土民间世界

【作者】 袁丽娟；

【导师】 王荣；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 萧红在短暂的一生中创作了众多的小说作品,她的创作艺术从最初的青涩逐步走向了成熟。乡土题材的创作是萧红小说创作的重大部分,本文通过对乡土小说文本更细致的阅读和更贴心的感受,阐释萧红乡土小说创作立场的确立、民间因素的表现形态、特征风格及主题意蕴的深化,展现萧红乡土小说的独特价值。在具体研究上,呼唤摆脱萧红小说研究旧有的套路,引入乡土民间这一新的视角来审视萧红小说,从创作主体的价值取向来探讨萧红启蒙视角与民间写作立场二者矛盾统一关系,揭示萧红乡土民间小说在创作上的动因及意图。主要通过对萧红小说所塑造的乡土民间世界的解读,来关照萧红对于乡土民间社会的叙事立场、情感态度和价值取向。本文以萧红乡土题材小说为研究对象,主要分析其富有代表性的作品《生死场》、《呼兰河传》等文本。论文拟分为三个部分：第一部分主要来探讨萧红关照乡土民间世界的叙事角度和创作立场。从启蒙视角和民间立场确立的现实基础、心理基础和文化基础三个方面,阐释影响萧红乡土小说创作立场的复杂因素。苦难的生活经历为萧红提供了创作的源泉,丰富的生命体验经过岁月的沉淀形成一些情意综,时时触发着萧红创作的冲动。地域文化的熏陶、自然环境的浸染和时代精神的影响造就了萧红自由独立的精神人格,萧红小说品格的独创性和开拓性正是来源于创作主体独立自由的精神人格。边缘化的女性书写姿态使其发现了被遮蔽的乡村现实,处在社会政治的边缘地带使其创作获得了自由的空间,能够大胆的发现和挖掘着历史洞深处。在第二部分论述乡土民间世界的还原,即萧红乡土小说这个艺术世界中的乡土民间文化形态。在此引入乡土民间的理论,主要从乡土民间的历史状态、理性精神和审美风格三个方面展开分述。通过作品中关于乡土民间世界物质生存条件和精神文化生活分析,表现萧红所感受到的乡村社会生活状态；萧红一直对故乡主题情有独钟,由直觉的感受到理性的深化是萧红对乡村民间世界的深层次理解。萧红对乡土民间世界的生活方式和伦理精神有着较为深刻的认识和体会,文章主要分析了民间的实用性和包容性两个典型特征,这是萧红对乡村民间世界的生存哲学的客观认知和呈现；乡土民间世界自由自在的审美风格与萧红的精神世界存在一定的同构关系,自由自在是萧红一生所追求和向往的,因此对民间世界的这特点怀有由衷的赞美和认同。萧红是中国现代文学史上的一位悲情女作家,悲情色彩是她笔下乡村生活的本色,也是萧红乡土小说的情感基调。第三部分是对乡土民间题材小说主题意蕴的讨论,其实是从创作主体的角度分析萧红乡土小说呈现分裂状态的原因,是对萧红创作内在动因和价值取向进行的一个深入分析。一方面探讨萧红以自觉的姿态进行着文化批判,但其批判的态度始终受到启蒙理性和民间情感两方面的影响,分析作品在这两个因素影响下的矛盾状态和创作主体的价值取向在本质上的统一。另一方面论述萧红深刻的人道主义精神,她以女性的敏感和知识分子的良知对弱势群体所拥有的本能的关爱,肯定萧红及其创作的真正价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xiao Hong created many works of fiction writing in the short life. Her creative arts developed gradually mature from the initial Sentimental. Local Literature is a major part of Xiao Hong’s novels. Explain the establishment of folk position, the expression pattern of folk elements and the features style and theme of the deepening of meaning in Xiao Hong’s Local Writers by reading the text more detailed and more intimate feeling in order to show the unique value of Xiao Hong’s local fiction. In specific research, call out of old research routines to look at the fictions from this new perspective of local folk. Investigate the contradictory relationship between folk position and enlightenment perspective and reveal the motives and intentions about Xiao Hong’s Local fiction. Discuss the writing narrative stance and attitude of Xiao Hong about local civil society by studying the world of local folk created in Xiao Hong’s fictions.This paper select Xiao Hong’s Local fictions as the research object. Mainly analyzes the representative works "Life and Death", "The Biography" and others. The paper is divided into three parts:The first part investigates the establishment of folk position and enlightenment perspective. Explain the complex factors which affect the creating position of Xiao Hong’s local fictions from the realistic, psychological and culture foundations. The suffering life experiences provide creative source of Xiao Hong novels. Rich experience of life through a number of years has formed some affective comprehensive triggering the creative impulse of Xiao Hong constantly. The regional culture, natural environment and zeitgeist make Xiao Hong have a free spirit personality. The marginal female writing attitude makes her found a covered rural reality. Xiao Hong was at the periphery of social and political which provided free space for her creation. Therefore, Xiao Hong discovers and excavates the deep hole of history bravely.The second part discusses the reduction of local civil world, that is the local folk culture in Xiao Hong’s novels arts world.The local folk theory is introduced and this part mainly discusses three aspects:the local history of the state civil, rational spirit and aesthetic style. Performance the rural social life state perceived by Xiao Hong by analyzing material living conditions and cultural life in the local folk world. Xiao Hong has a soft spot on the home theme. The deepening of rational from intuitive feeling is the deeper understanding of Xiao Hong about the local folk world. Xiao Hong has profound understanding and experience about the spirit of life and ethics of the local folk world. This paper analyzes relevance and inclusiveness of civil, which is objective understanding and presentation of Xiao Hong about the existential philosophy in the country world. The free aesthetic style and Xiao Hong’s spiritual world exists some isomorphic relationship. Because freedom is her pursuit and longing, so Xiao Hong praise and recognize this feature. Xiao Hong is a tragic writer in modern literature history. Sadness is not only the color of the true qualities of rural life as she described, but also the emotional tone of local literature.The third part discusses the topic meaning of local folk themes. In fact, it is that analyze the reasons why Xiao Hong’s novel presents the division of local, which is the deeper analysis on intrinsic motivation and values of her creation. On the one hand, investigate Xiao Hong’s cultural criticism with conscious attitude. Her critical attitude has always been influenced by two side enlightenment rationality and folk emotion. Analyze the contradiction in work and the unity of the main value creation in essence. On the other hand, discuss Xiao Hong’s deep humanitarian spirit. She has the instinct of love for the disadvantaged groups with female-sensitive and an intellectual conscience. That is to praise the real value of Xiao Hong and her works.更多还原