【作者】 陈小康；

【导师】 史秀志；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 采矿工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 铜绿山矿Ⅰ号矿体下部残矿,位于南露天坑下,规模小,埋藏较深；矿体上盘有一大断层将矿体与围岩隔开；下盘为大理岩,溶洞裂隙较发育,透水性较强,矿山长期受民采影响。南露天坑闭坑时,北坑基建剥离废石转入南坑回填,目前回填高度已达到80m,露天坑直接汇水面积约45.8×104m2,积水有可能渗透到井下。矿山拟采用普通上向分层充填采矿法回采Ⅰ号矿体下部残矿,为保证回采作业过程安全,本文主要从以下几个方面进行了深入研究,并提出相应的安全控制技术措施：(1)研究确定了残矿地段岩体力学参数。通过室内岩石力学试验和岩体力学参数工程处理,得出符合工程实际的岩体力学参数。(2)研究确定了下部残矿由露天转入地下开采时露天坑底合理的境界顶柱参数。运用FLAC3D按不同境界顶柱参数进行开挖模拟,对比模拟结果,综合考虑各方面因素,得出最优境界顶柱厚度为15m,采场最优矿柱宽度为7m。(3)研究确定了回采过程中与断层破碎带间的隔离矿柱宽度。运用FLAC3D数值计算得出隔离矿柱的合理宽度为5m。(4)对残矿回采过程中的突水风险进行了评估并提出了控制措施。采用层次分析和模糊评判方法综合运用于采场突水安全评估,提出应进行采准巷道的超前探水等措施来减小突水事故的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 The lower residual ore inⅠ# orebody of tonglvshan mine was small scale and deep buried under the south open pit. A great fault separated the orebody from surrounding rock on the hanging wall. The footwall was marble, whose cave and fissure were well developed and strong permeability and mine was impacted by the private mining for a long term. After the south open pit was closed, the infrastructure stripping waste rock of the north pit backfilled into the south pit, and backfill has reached the present height of 80m by now, the direct catchment area of open pit was about 45.8×104m2 so that the seeper might penetrate into the underground. The mining enterprise would stope the lower residual ore inⅠ# orebody with the ordinary upward flat-cut-and-fill stoping method. To ensure the safety of mining operations process, the following aspects were studied in depth and presented the corresponding technical measures for safety control:(1) Studying to determine the rock mass mechanical parameters of residual ore area. By the indoor rock mechanics testing and engineering treatment method of rock mass mechanical parameters, mechanical parameters of rock mass was obtained which was accordance with the engineering practice.(2) When the lower residual ore turned open pit into underground, studying to determine the reasonable parameter of boundary pillar on the open pit bottom. Making use of FLAC3D to simulate excavation for different boundary pillar parameters, then contrasting simulation results and considering all factors, finally obtaining the best boundary pillar thickness was 15m and the best pillar width was 7m.(3) Studying to determine the width of separation jamb between the fractured fault zone in the mining process. Obtaining the reasonable width of separation jamb was 5m by numerical calculation of FLAC3D.(4) To evaluate the risk of water inrush and present control measures in the process of recovery of residual ore, the analytical hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation were combined to evaluate the safety of stope water inrush. In order to reduce the occurrence of water inrush, presenting the advanced detect of water and other measures in the preparation tunnel.更多还原