清洁发展机制（CDM）在水电项目中的应用研究

【作者】 王奕；

【导师】 王坚强；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 项目管理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 为应对全球气候变化,联合国1992年通过了《联合国气候变化框架公约》,1997年公约大会通过了《京都议定书》,为加入公约的主要发达国家规定了定量的温室气体限排和减排义务,并分别确定了三种帮助发达国家实现减排目标的灵活机制,清洁发展机制(CDM)作为其中的一种,其核心内容就是发达国家出钱出技术在发展中国家合作开发温室气体减排项目,用于抵消他们承诺减排的数额,是一种“双赢”的合作机制。因此,分析CDM项目的开发流程,研究CDM的应用方法,对促进清洁发展机制在我国相关领域的推广应用和实现国家可持续发展战略目标具有重大的现实意义。本论文以中国水电项目作为CDM的应用对象,以湖南省筱溪水电站这一大水电CDM项目开发作为具体实例,系统地分析了CDM的基础理论,CDM项目的开发流程以及我国水电CDM项目开发现状；研究了CDM项目开发方法学,运用相关理论对水电CDM项目基准线选择、额外性论证、减排量计算、项目边界确定的方法进行研究分析；并通过对筱溪水电CDM项目开发的系统研究,论证了该项目的基准线和额外性,计算了对应的减排量,总结了大水电项目通过审查以及应对极端环保组织责难的经验,研究表明CDM的有效应用对于筱溪水电项目的建设意义重大。本论文的研究将为我国水电项目尤其是大型水电项目进行CDM开发提供必要的技术指导和借鉴,对清洁能源的开发及实施可持续发展战略具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In response to global climate change, the United Nations in 1992 adopted the "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change," the 1997 Convention of the General Assembly adopted the "Kyoto Protocol", the major developed countries for accession to the Convention provides for quantitative greenhouse gas emission limits and emission reduction obligations, and were determined to help developed countries to achieve emission reduction targets of three flexible mechanisms, Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) as one of them with its core content that developing countries adopting money and technologies from developed countries to develop greenhouse gas emission reduction projects, be used to offset the amount of their commitment to reducing emissions, is a "win-win" cooperation mechanism. Therefore, the analysis of CDM project development process to study the application of CDM method, the promotion of Clean Development Mechanism in native related fields to promote the application and implementation of national sustainable development strategy is of great practical significance.This paper adopting the Chinese hydropower projects as the application background of CDM mechanism, XiaoXi Hydropower Station in Hunan Province as a specific example, provided a systematic analysis of the basic theory CDM, CDM project development processes, hydropower CDM project development status in China, CDM project development methodology, the use of relevant theories for hydropower CDM project Baseline selection, Additionality demonstration, Emission reductions calculation, methods to determine the project boundary. And through systematic study to XiaoXi hydropower CDM project development, this paper evaluated the Baseline and Additionality of the project, calculated the corresponding Emission reductions, summed up the experience of the large-scale hydropower projects passing the audit and facing the censure from extremist environmental groups. The studies have shown significant meaning to the construction of Xiaoxi Hydropower Project by using effective application of CDM mechanism. The study in this paper will be a necessary technical guidance and reference to native hydropower projects,especially large-scale hydropower CDM projects. And this paper has significant meaning to the clean energy development and sustainable development strategies.更多还原