【作者】 潘勇；

【导师】 梁习锋；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 交通噪声被公认为是一种严重的危害。随着我国交通事业的发展和人民生活水平的提高,动车组与人们日常生活的联系越来越密切,人们对其乘坐舒适度提出了越来越高的要求。动车组运行速度的不断提高,噪声问题越发突出。车内噪声极易使乘车人员感到疲劳,对动车组的舒适性有很着重要影响；车外噪声会使铁路沿线两侧的医院、学校、住宅区等对噪声有限制要求的区域深受其害。因此,研究动车组车内、车外噪声源的频率特性和分布及其大小,为进一步研究有效的噪声控制措施具有重要的意义。本文利用丹麦B&K多通道噪声测量系统,对动车组在明线上和不同长度的隧道内线路行驶时的车内噪声进行测试；和对车厢内地板安装吸声材料前后的车内噪声进行测试,再利用噪声处理分析系统,进行1／3倍频程和FFT等相应的分析；运用波束形成方法对动车组经过时的车外噪声源进行识别。得出以下的结论：①动车组车内噪声发生的主要频带为200～1000Hz,噪声能量主要集中在中低频段；②随着隧道长度的不断增大,同一侧点的噪声声压级也越来越大；③同一工况下,车厢两端的噪声声压级大于中间的；④采用车厢地板铺设吸声材料的降噪方法,能够有效降低车厢内部约5%的噪声声级水平；⑤行驶中动车组的主要车外噪声源分布及其频率特性；⑥结合测试分析结果,提出了一些经济可行的噪声治理措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traffic noise is considered as one of the most harmful public annoyances.With the development of transportation and standard of living, people’s daily life keep in touch with the vehicle closely. And people’s demand of comfort is increasing. As the EMUs’speed continues to improve, the problem of noise becomes more and more prominent.The interior noise will easily make passengers tired.It has a bad influence on the EMUs’comfort.And the exterior noise will get hospitals,schools,residential areas and other restrictions which are on both sides along the railway line suffered.All those need a less noise environment.Therefore,the study of the noise source frequency characteristics,distribution and its dimension are of importance for the further study of effective noise control measures.In this paper,the Danish B&K`s multi-channel noise measure system is used to test the interior noise of the EMU in open air and differernt length tunnels.The system is also applied to measure the interior noise of the carriages which have the sound-absorbing material and not.Then using noise process analysis system,conduct 1/3 octave and FFT corresponding analysis.The important conclusions are as follows:①The main frequency band of the interior noise is 200Hz～1000Hz and noise energy is concentrated in the low and middle frequency;②With the growing length of the tunnel,the noise sound pressure level of the points on the same side is also growing;③Under the same operating conditions, the noise sound pressure level of the train at both ends is greater;④Adopting the method of laying sound-absorbing material on the ground of the vehicle can effectively reduce the carriage noise level value by 5%;⑤Make clear the exterior noise source distribution and frequency characteristics of the driving EMU;⑥Combination of results of the analysis, The study proposes some economically feasible measurements to lower the interior noise of the railway vehicle.更多还原