【作者】 邹颖飞；

【导师】 曾军；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 眼科视网膜病学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 目的探讨儿童孔源性视网膜脱离的病因、临床特点、手术方式及疗效。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2008年12月在本院眼科接受手术治疗的15周岁以下儿童孔源性视网膜脱离56例59眼。分析指标患者性别、年龄、眼部及全身病史、屈光状态、视网膜脱离特点、裂孔形态、手术方法及次数和术后视网膜复位情况。结果儿童孔源性视网膜脱离男性45例(80.36%),女性11例(19.64%),双眼发病3例(5.36%)；男性发病率大于女性(P<0.05)；平均年龄9.01±4.23岁,平均病程外伤患者为22天,非外伤患者为172天。有外伤史31眼(52.54%),先天性结构异常14眼(23.73%),高度近视眼10眼(16.95%),既往白内障手术史9眼(15.25%),其它原因4眼(6.78%);患者就诊时视网膜全脱离23眼(39%),累及黄斑部36眼(61%)；手术方式行巩膜外加压术10眼(17.86%),玻璃体切割术46眼(82.14%);1次性手术复位率76.79%；术后整体视力无显著提高(P=0.395)。结论儿童孔源性视网膜脱离具有以下特征：①男性发病率高；②眼外伤、先天性眼部异常是其高危因素；③病程长,患儿就诊时视网膜脱离范围广、PVR严重,应早发现、早治疗；④玻璃体切割术是其常用的手术治疗方法,但是对于PVR轻、裂孔局限的病例巩膜外加压术仍应作为首选。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To explore the causes, clinical features,operation approaches and clinical effects in a group of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Pediatric patients.Methods:Data of 56 children(59 eyes) (≤15years) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment receiving operation between 2004 and 2008 in our hospital were reviewed retrospectively.Results:(1) The number of patient was significantly larger in male (45/59,80.36%) than in female (p< 0.05).(2) The mean course of disease is 22 days in traumatic patients and 172 days in non-traumatics patients.(3) The proportion of eyes is 31/59(52.54%)with trauma history,14/59(23.73%)with congenital disorders,10/59(16.95%)with high myopia,9/59(15.25%)with operation history of cataract and 4/59 with others.(4)Operation approaches:scleral buckling in 10 eyes (17.86%)and vitrectomy in 46 eyes(82.14%).The rate of retinal reduction is 76.79%.Conclusion:The character of children with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment as follows: (1) The incidence rate in male is higher than in female.(2) Traumatic history and congenital disorders are risk factors in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.(3) The longer the course of disease,the more serious with PVR will be.(4) The common operation approaches is vitrectomy and scleral buckling is the top choices in mild PVR and regional retinal breaks.更多还原