【作者】 王妍；

【导师】 黄炎和；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 土壤学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以福建省安溪县恒美生态茶园为研究对象,在综合调查和野外实地勘查、取样分析的基础上,依据生态经济学原理,利用统计分析和评价方法,通过对这种强度开发治理模式——变崩岗侵蚀区为生态茶园的研究,采用层次分析法与专家打分法相结合从基础效益、生态效益、社会效益和经济效益等四方面选择11个指标构建指标体系,利用多层次模糊评价法对恒美小流域治理的综合效益进行了评价,揭示该措施的可行性以及取得的成效,以期为崩岗侵蚀的治理提供理论依据和指导作用。研究结果表明:构建的评价指标体系和采用的评价方法能较为全面地反映水土保持的综合效益,具有一定的区域适宜性。对指导今后的崩岗侵蚀治理工作具有重要的现实意义。(1)经过治理,土壤侵蚀模数和地表径流模数都降低了,取得了显著的成效,大大地改善了水土流失的状况;(2)生态效益有了显著提高,土壤肥力指数由原来的0.2301提高到0.7210,土壤理化性质各指标都不同程度地提高,其中有机质提高最大;项目区植被覆盖度和生物量都明显增加,改善了当地的生态环境;(3)茶园产生的经济效益是显著的,虽然投入比较大,但是在国家和政府的支持下,只需要五年就可以完全收回投资成本,同时农民的收入从此增加,大大改善的农民的生活条件;(4)崩岗侵蚀治理综合治理效益值为0.7231,该项目区崩岗侵蚀治理的综合效益良好,相对于治理前的0.1594提高了354%。治理后基础效益、生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的评价值分别为0.0943、0.2744、0.2205、0.1339,针对于崩岗侵蚀治理成生态茶园的综合效益,其贡献率分别达到13.04%、37.33%、30.49%、18.52%,由此可知,各效益中生态效益和经济效益治理效果明显,并在综合效益中具有很重要的作用。综合治理相对于治理前差异极显著,因此安溪恒美小流域治理崩岗的这一强度开发治理模式----变崩岗侵蚀区为生态茶园的实施是可行的和必要的,也是值得借鉴和推广的模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the comprehensive research, site exploration and sampling and analysis, this thesis mainly talks about the comprehensive benefits of managing of Hengmei Watershed, Hengmei Ecology Tea Garden of Anxi Town, Fujian Province. It’s according to the Ecological Economics Principle and by the methods of the Statistical Analysis and Evaluation, through the research of strength development and management of changing collapse gully erosion area to ecological tea garden. It chooses 11 indexes as the Index system to make the analysis from four aspects of Basic Benefits, Ecological Benefits, Social Benefits and Economic Benefits by the analytic hierarchy process and expert scoring. The method of multi-level fuzzy evaluation shows the feasibility and results of the measures to provide theoretical foundation and direction for the management of collapse gully.The result shows: the Index system of evaluation and evaluation method can comprehensively show the benefits of Water and soil keeping relatively. It is suitable for some region and very important for the management of collapse gully in the future.(1)After management, the soil erosion modulus and runoff modulus have been reduced. It achieved remarkable results and improved the situation the water and soil loss a lot.(2)The ecological benefit has been improved more while the soil fertility index raised from 0.2301 to 0.7210, every index of soil properties improved relatively with organic matter improved the largest, also the plant coverage and biodiversity are significantly increased which improves the local ecological environment.(3) The economic benefit of tea garden is remarkable. Though the invest was large, the investor can get back the invest in five years at the support of country and government. Meanwhile, it will increase the farmer’s income and improve the living condition a lot.(4) The comprehensive management benefits value of collapse gully is 0.7231. which has been improved 354% than 0.1594 before management. The comprehensive benefits of the collapse gully in the project area is very favorable and the evaluation value of the Basic Benefits, Ecology Benefits, Social Benefits and Economic Benefits are respectively 0.0943, 0.2744, 0.2205 and 0.1339, with contribution rate 13.04%, 37.33%, 30.49%, 18.52%. It can conclude that the ecological benefits and economic benefits are the most important ones in comprehensive benefits. The remarkable benefits of comprehensive management has shown that the strength development and management of changing collapse gully area to ecological tea garden in Hengmei Watershed of Anxi is not only feasible and necessary but also worthing learning and promotion.更多还原