【作者】 张延晖；

【导师】 佘文琴；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 果树学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 番石榴（Psidium guajava Linn.）属于桃金娘科番石榴属,是闽台地区主要的亚热带特色果树之一,具有营养丰富,口感独特等特点,但果皮薄而嫩,极易碰伤,采后枯水严重,货架期短,这严重限制了番石榴的贮运、销售和消费。因此,采后保鲜技术研究是番石榴生产的关键问题。本文通过测定低温（6℃±1）贮藏过程中,布片型1-甲基环丙烯缓释剂（安喜布）处理对番石榴活性氧代谢、呼吸作用与乙烯生成、内源激素平衡、细胞壁物质以及果实品质的影响,探讨布片型1-MCP在番石榴保鲜上的使用效果,为1-MCP在番石榴采后贮藏中的大规模应用提供理论和实践指导。取得的主要研究结果如下。1、以1-MCP处理番石榴果实和对照（未处理的番石榴果实）为材料,探讨番石榴果实采后贮藏过程中活性氧代谢的变化,研究了果实采后贮藏过程中MDA、H₂O₂,活性氧清除酶（POD、SOD、CAT）活性和内源抗氧化物质（AsA、DHA、GSH）含量的变化。1-MCP处理能够增强超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）与过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性;提高抗氧化物质还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、抗坏血酸（AsA）以及GSH-AsA循环中间产物脱氢抗坏血酸（DHA）的含量;降低贮藏前期过氧化氢（H₂O₂）以及丙二醛（MDA）的含量。2、研究了番石榴贮藏过程中呼吸作用与内源乙烯释放速率的变化,试验结果显示,显著抑制了贮藏过程中内源乙烯的释放速率;能够显著抑制番石榴贮藏前期,内源激素脱落酸（ABA）含量的升高,推迟采后ABA生成高峰的出现;延缓内源激素生长素（IAA）、赤霉素（GA3）与玉米素（ZR）含量的降解速率,保持番石榴采后内源激素的平衡。3、研究了番石榴果实采后贮藏过程中细胞壁物质含量的变化,数据表明1-MCP处理能够延缓番石榴果实中原果胶与共价性果胶含量的降低;抑制水溶性果胶和离子型果胶含量的增长;降低纤维素与半纤维素的降解速率。4、研究了番石榴果实采后贮藏过程中果实品质的变化,数据表明1-MCP处理能够有效延缓果实硬度、可溶性固形、Vc和可滴定酸含量的下降速度,延长番石榴贮藏时间7-10天;1-MCP处理能显著延缓番石榴果皮中叶绿素（a与b）的降解速度和抑制类胡萝卜素含量的快速升高,延缓果实转色,保持良好的果实品质。以上研究表明,1-MCP能有效延缓番石榴果实后熟衰老,可应用于番石榴果实保鲜生产,从而延长果实保鲜期。更多还原

【Abstract】 Guava, which is belong to Myrtaceae Psidiumis, is a number of the family Myrtaceae, also a famous and distinctive subtropical fruit species in South China, especially in Fujian and Taiwan province. Though guava has sufficient nutritions and delicate flavours, dehydration bruised and dehydration which restrict the storage and transportation and consumption of the guava can be easily caused because of its skin. Therefore, postharvest research had become a key problem in the development of guava production.The effect of Cloth-type 1-MCP on fresh guava was discussed for providing theoretical and practical applications on application of 1-MCP on postharvest storage of guava, by studying the effect of active oxygen metabolism, respiration and ETH production, hormone balance, cell wall material and fruit quality of guava treated with 1-MCP during the storage under low tempeture.. The main results were showned as below:（1） 1-MCP treatment and control of guava fruits were used to explore the changes during post-harvest cold storage of reactive oxygen metabolism. Studied on the content changes of MDA, H2O2, active oxygen scavenging enzymes （POD, SOD, CAT） activity and endogenous antioxidants （AsA, DHA, GSH） during the postharvest storage of guava. The results show that1-MCP treatment can enhance the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT）, and increase the content of glutathione （GSH）, ascorbic acid （AsA ）, and GSH-ASA cycle intermediates dehydroascorbate （DHA） ; and reduce the content of hydrogen peroxide （H₂O₂） and malondialdehyde （MDA）.in early storage.（2） Changes of respiration and endogenous hormones during storage were studied. The date demonstrated that 1-MCP treatment can reduce the respiration rate and the peak size. In the early storage 1-MCP treatment also could significantly inhibit the content of ndogenous hormone abscisic acid （ABA）, and delayed the peak at the same time. Degradation rates of IAA, GA3,ZR were deferred, kept the balance of endogenous hormones.（3） The content of cell wall material was also studied. The date indicated that the contents of pectin was repressed while soluble pectin was dpressed, the degradation rate of cellulose and hemi cellulose were reduced, too.（4） The study of the quality of guava fruit during storage shown that 1-MCP treatment can be effective in retarding the decrease speed of fruit firmness、soluble solid content、Vc and titratable acid content,extended 7-10 days of guava storage time. 1-MCP treatment also could significantly delay the degradation rate of chlorophyll （a and b）, and the content increase of carotenoid could be inhibited, the color change of fruits could be delayed, which is advantaged to maintain good fruit quality.The research shows that,1-MCP treatment can delay the ripening and senescence of guava fruit, can be applied to guava fruit production, thus prolonging the fruit shelf.更多还原