【作者】 武敬丽；

【导师】 吴长安；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 数字,是人类语言最基本的、也是产生最早的内容。它是在原始计数活动之中,为了适应社会生产活动的需要,在符号的帮助下产生的,是人类思维发展到一定阶段的结果。数字的主要功能是用来表示数目或作为计算数量的文字符号,无论是世界其他语言还是汉语,数字的这种数量表达一般都是精确的表达,表示事物的确切数目和次序是其最基本的功能。如:“一本书、二进制、三轮车、四季、五行、六弦琴、七色板、八卦、九宫格、十方、二十四史”等中的数字都表示事物或事物组成部分的确切数目;“第一次、初四、二把手、三支队、五院、六哥、二甲”等分别用带有序数标志的“第、初、甲”和省略标志的方式表示事物的排列次序。然而,表达确数不是数字在语言运用中的唯一功能。由于我们不可能总是用非常精确的数量词去描写或表达每一个事物和现象,这就需要我们用带有一定模糊性的数量词去概括说明。因此,汉字数字在运用过程中,除了具有精确表达的功能之外,还具有突出的模糊意义表达功能,同时因民族文化心理、数字崇拜、宗教信仰等因素的影响还赋予了数字不同的感情色彩,以及在语言运用中由于表达效果的需要使数字产生了各种修辞功能等。本文所作的研究,是在前贤对数字研究的基础上,以数字运用到句子中为研究的前提条件,以数字“一、二、三、四、五、六、七、八、九、十、千、百、万”为基本研究对象,以数字在句中的多项表达意义为研究目的,从数字表示概数、虚数、和数、差数、倍数和分数,以及数字表达具有褒贬义的色彩和修辞功能等多个角度展开,探讨数字在句中不同形式下表达不同的意义。因此,本文的研究思路为文章的独特创新之处,也是本文的研究意义和价值所在。更多还原

【Abstract】 Number, as the most basic and the earliest generated content, was created with the help of symbols in the activity of the original counts for the need of adapting to the social activities. It is the result of the development of the human mind to a certain stage. The primary function of number is to denote numbers or calculate as a letter symbol. Number expression is usually accurate not only in Chinese but also in any other languages. To indicate the exact number and order is its most basic function. For example, the numbers in the phrases such as a book, the binary system, the tricycle, the four seasons, five lines, the guitar, seven color plates, the Eight Diagrams, the section paper, ten sides and Twenty-Four Dynastic Histories indicate the exact number of the things or their component parts. And in the first time, the fourth day of every month, the second fiddle, the third detachment, fifth hospital, the sixth elder brother, band-2 grade A, etc, numbers are used to arrange the order as ordinal or omitting mark.However, the exact quantity expression is not the only function of figure. We can not always describe things or phenomena with precise quantifiers, so it requires us to outline with ambiguous quantifiers. Therefore, except the precise expression of Chinese figure, fuzzy expression is also its prominent function. Meanwhile, Chinese figure is given different emotional overtones because of cultural psychology, digital worship, religious beliefs and other factors. And it produces various rhetorical functions due to the need of different expressive effects.The basic object of this study is one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, hundred, thousand and million and the purpose of it is the multiple expressions of numbers in sentences. On the basis of the previous studies, this study will take numbers applied to the sentences as the premise and discuss the meanings of number in different forms from multi-angles, such as approximate number, imaginary number, summation, margin, multiple and fraction, as well as commendatory and derogatory colors and rhetorical function. So the unique idea of this paper is also the meaning and the value of this study.更多还原