【作者】 肖婧；

【导师】 褚莹；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 物理化学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 纳米结构的可控合成是纳米科技发展的重要组成部分,是探索纳米材料性能和应用的基础。在纳米材料的化学制备方法中,液相法,尤其是以水为溶剂的液相法因低耗、环保而备受关注。本文利用两亲分子的辅助作用,在室温下,液相法合成出具有亲水/超亲水性能的CuO基板材料,以及Ag/AgX可见光催化复合材料。近年来,具有润湿性的功能材料受到越来越多的关注。润湿性能不仅受材料本身性能的影响,同时也受材料表面结构的重要影响。本论文中,利用两亲分子CTAB和PEG,在铜箔表面原位合成出了具有亲水性表面的CuO基板材料。实验条件简单且温和。一系列研究表明,NaOH的浓度、两亲分子的种类及其浓度,都直接影响了CuO基板材料的表面形貌及润湿性能。卤化银是一种光敏性极高的材料。在吸收一个光电子之后,卤化银可以产生一个电子和一个空穴,这样卤化银中的银离子直接变成银原子,如此反复下去,在稳定的太阳光照射下,卤化银成为一种具有光催化性能的化学材料。本文利用两亲分子的调控作用,在室温下,通过可见光照射成功合成了Ag/AgX复合纳米材料。一系列研究表明,Ag/AgBr的可见光催化性能最佳。此外,两亲分子的种类对Ag/AgX复合纳米材料的可见光催化性能也有很大影响。聚合物体系(PVP或PEG)中得到的卤化银的光催化效果最好。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fabrication of nanoparticles is one of the important sections of nanoscience and nanotechnology, and also the base to investigate the distinctive properties and applications of nanostructures. Among all the synthesis methods to nanoparticles, liquid methods, especially the method using water as solvent, have attracted intensive interest because of their low cost and environmental benign characteristic. In this paper, by a controllable synthesis of amphiphilic molecule, we obtained cupric oxide (CuO) nano/micro superstructure film with hydrophilicity and superhydrophilicity surface on Cu foil via a solution-immersion process at room-temperature, and discussed Ag/AgX photocatalyst material under visible light.In recent years, functional surfaces with wettability have become very sought-after because of their value in fundamental research and industrial application. Wettability could be controlled in a rational manner by individually and simultaneously manipulating surface topography and chemical structure. This paper described how we obtained CuO superstructure film with hydrophilicity and superhydrophilicity surfaceds by a controllable synthesis of amphiphilic molecule on Cu foil via a solution-immersion process at room-temperature. The conditions of the experiment are simple and mild. A series of control experiments indicated that the concentration of NaOH, the concentration and the species of amphiphilic molecule had directly influenced the morphology and wettability of the product.Silver halide are photosensitive materials extensively used as source materials in photographic films. On absorbing a photon, a silver halide particle generates an electron and a hole, and subsequently the photogenerated electron combines with an Ag+ ion to form an Ag0 atom. Due to this instability under sunlight, which provides the very basis for chemical photography, silver halides are seldom used as photocatalysts. By the amphiphilic molecule controlled, we obtained Ag/AgX nano/micro material at room-temperature. It was found that Ag/AgBr is the best photocatalyst active and stable under visible light. Furthermore, A series of control experiments indicated that the species of amphiphilic molecule had directly influenced the photocatalyst active of silver halides. And in the polymer system, such as PVP or PEG, the photocatalyst active is the best.更多还原