【作者】 杨光；

【导师】 唐国金；

【作者基本信息】 国防科学技术大学 ， 航空宇航科学与技术， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 未来对先进弹道导弹武器系统的需求促进了导弹总体设计技术的不断发展。依托计算机软件平台的数字化设计是近年来导弹总体设计的研究热点,拥有广阔的应用前景。本文以固体弹道导弹的数字化设计为背景,重点研究了固体弹道导弹总体设计的分析模型、多目标优化方法和灵敏度分析方法、软件的设计与开发等问题,主要研究工作如下:首先,对固体弹道导弹相关的固体推进、气动设计、轨迹等学科的分析模型抽象和各分系统工作过程仿真展开研究。根据不同阶段不同层次总体设计的需求,建立了导出和展开形式的固体弹道导弹质量方程;借鉴代理模型(Surrogate Models)的思想,将复杂的精确分析模型的计算放在优化过程外完成,建立了满足一定精度要求又适于优化迭代的固体火箭发动机简化分析模型;在分析弹道导弹基准外形的基础上,建立了基于Missile DATCOM简化气动工程估算模型;通过对主动段飞行程序参数的分析,建立了适于工程实践的弹道设计模型。总体设计分析模型的研究为后续章节提供了仿真模型其次,开展了导弹总体设计的多目标优化研究。运用物理规划将导弹总体多目标设计问题处理成单目标问题,而后采用基于拉丁超立方设计和经典优化算法的混合优化算法对其优化。同时,对比研究了多目标遗传算法(NSGA-II算法)和罚函数处理的单目标遗传算法对导弹总体多目标设计的优化效果和效率。基于上述模型和算法实现的三级固体弹道导弹总体多目标设计算例的结果表明:基于物理规划和混合优化算法的导弹多目标设计优化效率高(耗费的计算机时与NSGA-II算法和单目标遗传算法比分别为1:38.75和1:17.5),且优化性能指标更好。再次,引入基于正交试验设计的灵敏度分析方法对导弹总体多目标设计优化的结果进行了分析,得到了最优设计点附近各设计参数对射程等优化指标的灵敏度。最后,设计开发了固体弹道导弹总体方案设计优化软件。分析了软件多样化、通用化的功能需求,安排了软件主要计算流程,采用面向对象技术搭建了软件基本框架。软件计算结果表明,该软件能够提供固有导弹构型优化设计、新建构型优化设计、各参数配置、多种优化算法、可变优化变量、可变约束以及数据结果输出等主要功能。本文将现代优化技术、数据分析方法应用到固体弹道导弹多学科设计中,为飞行器优化设计领域提供了新的方法和思路。设计开发的固体弹道导弹总体设计软件有一定的应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The future needs of an advanced ballistic missile weapon promote the continuous development of missile design technology. With wide application prospects, missile digital design study is very popular in recent years. In this background, the thesis concentrates on the studies of the solid ballistic missile system design models, multi-object optimal algorithms, sensitivity analysis methods and missile system optimization design software development. The main work and achievements are summarized as follows:Firstly, modeling and simulation of solid ballistic missile operating process are studied. According to requirement in different phase of missile system design, the synopsis missile mass equation and the detailed missile mass equation are been built; Using the idea of Surrogate Models, simplified solid rocket motor analysis model which is suit to optimize is been proposed; Aerodynamic engineering estimation model which based on Missile DATCOM and trajectory design and computing model are also been proposed after the analysis of classic ballistic missile configure and the missile power phase parameters. These studies provide the simulation models for follow-up chapters.Secondly, the dissertation conducted ballistic missile system design multi-objective optimization studies. The missile design multi-objective problem is deal with using physical programming, then a hybrid optimization algorithm based on Latin hypercube design and classic optimal algorithm is proposed to optimize the missile design model. At the same time, the multi-objective genetic algorithm NSGA-II and a single-object genetic algorithm are applied to the missile system design optimization to compare the optimal results and affectivity. A 3 stage solid ballistic missile multi-object system design optimization case which based on upwards optimal algorithm is been studied. The comparison between NSGA-II’s result and other optimal methods’results show that the physical programming and hybrid optimal algorithm are more suitable and efficiency to solve the missile system design optimization problem.Furthermore, Orthogonal experimental design is applied to analyze sensitivity of missile system design multi-objective optimization results. Sensitivity analysis of the design variables to range and other performance merits near the best design point are been studied.In the end, a solid ballistic missile system optimization design software is developed. By analyzing the diversity and generalization requirements, the main calculation process is completed. Using object-oriented design methods, the basic framework of the system is proposed. The software results show that the system can provide both certain and new configuration missile design optimization and results output. It also can configure different design variables, parameters, constrains and optimal algorithms.In this desertion, the application of modern optimal techniques and data analysis methods to solid ballistic missile multi-disciplinary design provides a new approach and ideas in vehicle design optimization domain. The system concept design software has some certain applied value in the system design of solid ballistic missiles.更多还原