【作者】 张伟；

【导师】 林国荣；

【作者基本信息】 西南政法大学 ， 法学理论， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 霍布斯在自然法和实证法传统中占据一个极其重要也极为特殊的位置。长时期以来研究者认为霍布斯归属于自然法传统,对他的实证法思想关注不多。对他的研究多数集中在《利维坦》一书中关于自然权利、国家理论等问题,而少有对《哲学家与英格兰法律家的对话》一书进行研究。本文分为引言、正文以及结语三个部分。在正文部分包括了如下几个章节,第一章介绍《对话》在霍布斯著作中的地位;并详细分析《对话》的篇章结构以及内容;最后力图指出《对话》的写作意图。在第二章,本文对《对话》做了英格兰宪政背景的考察。在这部分,本文的论述集中在两个主要人物身上:柯克以及抽象意义上的国王。本文的意旨就是通过柯克与詹姆斯一世的冲突指出《对话》所具有的历史内涵和英格兰宪政背景。同时,本文还注意到了作为主权者代表的国王在《对话》中的特殊性,这取决于国王所具有的“两个身份”。在第三部分,本文着力整理《对话》涵盖的法理学意蕴,并将从“唯名论”、“国家理由”的方面来阐释《对话》。第四部分本文将从自然法和实证法的论战角度看待《对话》,在此本文有意做了霍布斯《利维坦》与《对话》中关于自然法和实证法的对堪,其目的不仅仅是要指出霍布斯本人的理论延续性,更重要的是在第二节本文分析了代表霍布斯实证法思想的名言:“人法只关注反抗权威”。第五部分,本文将霍布斯作为自然法代表人物与同一学派的普芬道夫关于“契约理论”做了对堪,其目的是整理霍布斯的《利维坦》和《对话》中关于自然法思想的遗产。在结语部分,本文指出霍布斯整个法律理论所具有的“国家主义”背景。本文还指出无论是对象征专制权力的王权还是象征个体自由的司法权,在本质上都属于权力的范畴,也都难以逃脱“权力”一语所具有的魔咒。因此,王权与司法权的争论在国家的正义性的问题上,这个争论是源远流长的自然法与实证法论战的一个延续。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hobbes on the tradition of natural law and positive law have occupy an extremely important and very special place. A long time, researchers believe that Hobbes attributed to the natural law tradition, the positive law of his ideas paid little attention. Most of his research focused on his book of "Leviathan," a book which about natural rights, state theory and other issues, but little on the " A Dialogue Between A Philosopher And A Student of The Common Laws of England ".This paper is divided into introduction, body, and conclusion in three parts. In the text section includes the following several chapters, the first chapter is devoted to "Dialogue" in the writings of Hobbes’s position; and detailed analysis of the "Dialogue" chapter in the structure and content; finally sought to demonstrate that "Dialogue" the intention of writing. In the second chapter, this article on "Dialogue" has done a study in England constitutional background. In this part, the authors of the discussion focused on two main characters who: Sir Edward Coke, as well as the abstract sense of the king. Intention of this article is through the conflict between Sir Edward Coke and King of James I, pointing out that the "Dialogue" has a historical connotation and the constitutional background of England, Meanwhile, the paper also noted that as a sovereign representative of the King in the "Dialogue" in the specificity, depending on the King with the "two identity." In the third part, the authors focus on finishing a "Dialogue" covers jurisprudence implication, and from the "nominalism", "State ratio" to explain aspects of "Dialogue." The fourth part of the paper from the natural law and positive law of the controversy perspective "Dialogue", in this paper intends to do Hobbes "Leviathan" and the"Dialogue" on the natural law and positive law of the right worthy, the purpose of Hobbes ,the author just want to point out the theory of continuity, but more importantly is that in section II of this paper analyzes the positive law on behalf of Thomas Hobbes famously thought: "Human Law is only concerned about the resistance to authority." Part V, this article will be representative of Hobbes as a natural law, Pufendorf and the same school of thought on the "Contract theory" ,in this comparaing, which aims to collate Hobbes’s "Leviathan" and "Dialogue" on the legacy of natural law thinking.In the conclusion part, the author pointed out that Hobbes has the whole legal theory of "nationalism" background. The article also pointed out that the matter it is the symbol of tyranny, or a symbol of royal power, judicial power, individual freedom, in essence, all belong to the scope of authority, it is difficult to escape the "power" a phrase which has the curse. Therefore, the kingship and the judicial power of the controversy in the country’s justice issues, this debate is a long history of natural law and positive law as a continuation of debate.更多还原