【作者】 陈丽欣；

【导师】 赵元杰；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 湿地在地球上分布极为广泛,是水陆相互作用形成的独特生态系统,与森林、海洋并列为全球三大生态系统。长期以来,河北省湿地资源的过度利用和保护湿地行动的滞后,造成生物资源衰减、生态功能退化、野生动植物栖息地逐渐丧失和湿地生态系统服务功能迅速衰退等一系列湿地生态环境问题,这些问题构成了河北省湿地可持续发展的最大障碍。通过河北省滨海湿地生态系统服务功能评估,可以定量的了解湿地生态系统服务功能的价值,提高人们对湿地生态系统服务功能的认知程度和保护湿地的意识,为今后滨海湿地进行开发利用提供正确的方向。通过河北省滨海湿地生态安全评价研究,分析滨海湿地生态环境现状,对最终实现人口、资源、经济社会和生态环境和谐可持续发展有重要意义。河北省滨海湿地类型多样,生态环境问题复杂。解决河北省滨海湿地生态环境状况与人们对湿地生态系统服务功能利用之间的矛盾;发展沿海地区社会经济,及其避免生态环境破坏,均需要先进的湿地生态安全理论与技术方法的支撑。本研究取得的主要进展包括:(1)鉴于目前滨海湿地生态系统不全面的理解及不合理开发利用问题,采用市场价值法、影子工程法等不同的评价方法,对河北省滨海湿地的几大主导服务功能进行综合评价,使河北省滨海地区实现可持续发展。(2)本文研究过程主要运用了生态经济学理论和可持续发展理论,从生态安全压力、生态安全状态及生态安全响应三个方面选取了18个评价指标,构建河北省滨海湿地评价指标体系,运用层次分析方法确定评价指标的权重,对河北省滨海湿地2007年的生态安全状况进行了评价。(3)通过对河北省滨海湿地生态安全评价,得出目前河北省滨海湿地处于较不安全状态,湿地生态环境质量有待于进一步提高。(4)针对河北省滨海湿地的具体情况,提出了湿地生态环境治理的对策和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wetland is extremely widely distributed on the Earth, is a unique ecosystem formed by interaction both land and water, is one of three major ecosystems including the forest and the ocean on the world. For a long time, in Hebei Province the excessive use of wetland resources and the lag of wetland environmental conservation, has been resulting in a series of wetland environmental issues such as attenuation of biological resources, ecological function degradation, gradual loss of wildlife habitat, rapidly decline of wetland ecosystem service function, and so on. These issues have constituted the biggest obstacle for coastal wetlands in Hebei Province to develop sustainably. Through assessment on the ecosystem services of coastal wetlands in Hebei Province, the wetland ecosystem service function can be understanded quantitatively, the awareness of wetland ecosystem service function and the cognitive level on the wetland conservation couled be raised, and for future development and utilization of coastal wetlands providea a correct direction. The assessment and reasearch of the coastal wetlands ecological security in Hebei Province, and the analysis of coastal wetland ecological environment status, play an important role in realizing harmonious sustainable development at the ultimate among population, resources, social economy, and ecological environment.There are complete ecological types and a seriers of eco- environmental problems on coastal wetlands in Hebei Province. The advanced wetland security theory and the support technical methods are all required to solve the contradictions between coastal wetland environment in Hebei Province and the people’s needs on wetland ecosystem services, socio-economic development in coastal areas, environmental damage decrement, and so on.The major progresses achieved in this study are showed as follows:(1) In view of not fully being understood on the coastal wetland system, and the irrational exploitation, this paper has adopted different assessment methods such as the market value method, the shadow project method, to comprehensively evaluated the several coastal wetlands in Hebei Province, which provied a basis for sustainable development in the coastal region.(2) This paper has mainly used the ecological economic theory and sustainable development theory, from three aspects including the pressure on ecological safety, the eco-security status, and the ecological security response has selected 18 evaluation indicators to construct evaluation system on Hebei Province, coastal wetlands, by use of AHP to determine weights of evaluation indexes, at last has evaluated the status of ecological security in Hebei Province in 2007.(3) By the safety assessment on coastal wetlands in Hebei Province shows that the coastal wetlands in Hebei Province now is in a relatively unsafe condition, the wetland environmental quality shpuld be improved further.(4) On the basis of the specific situation of coastal wetlands in Hebei Province has proposed a series of environmental management measures and suggestions.更多还原