【作者】 邓智；

【导师】 周建庭；

【作者基本信息】 重庆交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 对于运营斜拉桥的塔柱裂缝监测,往往采用传统的方法进行人工观察与测量,而传统检测方法费用高、时间长,有时还要中断交通,并且由于索塔高度往往超过100米,传统方法难以到达一些重要部位进行观察,影响其健康状态的正确分析与评价。本文旨在通过视频采集系统实现高大塔柱裂缝的实时监测,基于塔柱结构内力分析及有限元仿真,分析裂缝成因及发展全过程,说明通过裂缝信息评估塔柱结构的安全性的可行性。本文通过详细分析常见的滤波算法,针对各种滤波算法适用范围和裂缝图像特点的研究,提出中值滤波法,将二值图像用于裂缝图像分割,并采用图像拼接技术、裂缝矢量化技术及裂缝图像模拟重现技术实现了裂缝监测信息处理;调查统计钢筋混凝土塔柱结构裂缝信息,从塔柱结构内力及结构变形条件出发分析了其裂缝成因;通过分析裂缝基本参数与塔柱结构外荷载的关系,进一步研究了裂缝宽度、长度与塔柱承载力之间的关系,得出了影响裂缝发展的主要因素;基于混凝土及钢筋材料的本构关系,分析了塔柱结构裂缝发展全过程;介绍了索塔结构框架模型的建立及有限元模型理论,提出了斜拉桥塔柱结构局部模型仿真实现方法;在总结宋玉普和赵国藩提出的弥散型模型裂缝宽度有限元计算方法的基础上,考虑了混凝土与钢筋应变的共同作用,提出了钢筋混凝土塔柱结构裂缝宽度有限元计算方法。本文将数字图像处理技术、裂缝监测信息处理技术、内力分析、仿真有限元模型的建立相结合一起,形成了斜拉桥高大塔柱裂缝监测系统的研究思路,提升桥梁养护、管理水平,积极推动桥梁的智能化发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traditional methods of artificial observation and measurement are often applied to crack monitoring of the tower of the operation cable-stayed bridge. However, due to the high cost of traditional methods, long time, traffic suspension and the over-100m tower, the traditional methods are hard to arrive some important parts to observe their health status which would impact correct analysis and evaluation of the tower. This thesis aims to real-time monitoring of the tall tower of cable-stayed bridge through the crack monitoring system with video collection.Finiting element simulation and analysis of internal forces of the tower structure with cracks information, the development and causes of cracks is analyzed,and the feasibility of security of the tall tower assessed is illustrateed.Through a detailed analysis of existing common filtering algorithms, the scope for a variety of filtering algorithms and image characteristics of crack, median filtering method is proposed in the present thesis. The binary image for the crack segmentation, image stitching technology, crack vector technology and reproduction technology of crack image simulation are adopted to realize crack monitoring information processing. A survey of information structural cracks of reinforced concrete tower through the internal forces and structural deformation conditions of the tower structure is conducted to analyze the causes of its fracture. By analyzing the relationship between the crack basic parameters and the external load of tower structures, the relations among the crack width, length and security of the tower are further studied,based on the constitution of concrete and steel materials, which analyzes the whole process of crack development of the tower structure.The thesis describes the model of the tower structural framework and finite element model theory and proposes the method of realization of model simulation of tower structure of cable-stayed bridge; it also proposes finite element method of crack width of reinforced concrete tower structure on the basis of generalization and summarization the finite element calculation method of crack width of diffuse model proposed by Song Yupu and Zhao Guofan and consideration of the role of concrete and steel strain.After combining the digital image processing technology, crack monitoring information processing technology, internal force analysis and the security of tower structure with establishing simulation finite element model, the present thesis has though out how to conduct assessment of a tall tower cable-stayed bridge health status , decrease accidents to a large extent, improve bridge maintenance, management, and actively promote the development of intelligent bridge.更多还原