【作者】 潘誉；

【导师】 姚新华；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 民商法学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 给付拒绝,来源于德国法对给付障碍体系之各给付障碍形态划分。然而,对于给付拒绝能否作为一种独立的给付障碍形态,理论上始终存在争议。《德国民法典》未将给付拒绝纳入,但在判例中对其予以承认。本文从德国给付障碍体系的构建入手,从逻辑与价值上分别分析给付拒绝地位之形成原因,并在此基础之上,对我国《合同法》中长期以来作为争议热点的给付障碍体系构建作出价值判断。本文通过以下脉络展开论述:引言部分,通过对我国《合同法》中给付拒绝与预期违约“兼容并包”现状的简述,提出问题。第一章,将给付拒绝还原于给付障碍体系内,首先阐述了德国给付障碍体系“从要件到结果”之构建方式,继而从给付障碍形态之二分法、三分法及关于给付障碍形态之立法例出发,对给付拒绝之地位作出背景式说明。第二章,通过价值判断,为给付拒绝之不被民法典所认可的地位寻找价值上的根源。将给付拒绝抽象为履行期届至前对债权人保护之问题。尔后,从债之核心利益分析入手,得出结论:信赖利益支撑下的给付拒绝不符合体系之固有逻辑。继而,从给付利益支撑下的实际履行原则角度进行分析,得出结论:实际履行原则与给付拒绝存在矛盾,故在实际履行原则占上风的给付障碍体系中,给付拒绝处在一个边缘化的地位。然而,价值判断不得不受到价值变迁的影响。在新的背景下,立法者有意协调给付利益与信赖利益的关系,实际履行原则向追求效率价值的替代履行原则作出妥协.德国给付障碍体系也在这一背景下进行了改革,尽管其目的在于弥补体系漏洞,实际上更深层次的原因在于立场的动摇。而在这一新的体系下,给付拒绝有了存在的空间。第三章在第二章所述给付拒绝价值分析基础上,展开给付拒绝制度设计之分析。从制度内,分析了给付拒绝二元权利体系调整;从制度外,分析了给付拒绝与英美法上类似制度预期违约从逻辑到价值上的区别与联系,为下一章对我国《合同法》立法方式的分析奠定基础。第四章,根据前文的思路以及得出的结论,回到我国《合同法》中,分析《合同法》中给付拒绝与预期违约“兼容并包”的问题,并作出评判。更多还原

【Abstract】 The theory of repudiation stems from the systematic division of non-performance put forward by Germany. As to the problem whether repudiation could be deeded as an independent pattern of non-performance, theoretic controversy continuously exists. BGB refuses to have repudiation included,only admitting it in case law. This thesis begins with the constitution of the German system of non-performance and analyzes the reason for the conformation of the state of repudiation from the aspects of logic and value. Based on the foregoing analysis, this thesis ultimately renders a value judgment on the system of non-performance constructed by the Chinese Contract Law which is involved in a prolonged controversy.This thesis demonstrates through the sequence of ideas as follows:In the introduction part, problem is put forward by a concise description of the co-existence of repudiation and anticipatory breach stipulated in the Chinese Contract Law.Chapter one lays repudiation in the system of non-performance. Firstly the method of constituting the system of non-performance through the thinking which comes from factors to effects by BGB is illustrated. Secondly the dichotomy and trichotomy of non-performance is discussed to illustrate the state of repudiation.Through value judgment, chapter two seeks for the reason for the matter that repudiation is denied to get involved in the BGB and abstract repudiation into the problem of creditor protection before the debtor’s performance. Thus, conclusion is reached though the analysis of core benefit protected by obligation law: repudiation based on trust benefit is inconsistent with the logic of existing system. Then, conclusion is reached though the analysis from the aspect of specific performance based on ?expected benefit: conflict exists between repudiation and the principle of specific performance. In a system in which specific performance prevails, repudiation is in a marginal state. However, value judgment is influenced by the value transition. In a brand-new background, legislators intent to coordinate the relationship between expected benefit and trust benefit. The principle of specific performance compromises to the principle of substituting performance. The German obligation law also reformed in that situation. Although the objective is to cover the flaw of the system, a deep reason exists in the shift of standpoint. Thus repudiation could be involved in the new system.Based on the foregoing analysis of value judgment, Chapter three advances the analysis on the system design of non-performance. Through the inner part of the system, analyzes the adjustment of binary rights system. Through the outer part of the system,analyzes the distinction and relationship between repudiation and anticipatory breach which is a similar system in Common Law through the aspects from logic to value and lays the ground work for the following analysis on the legislation of the Chinese Contract Law.According to the precedent thinking and conclusion, chapter four comes back to the Chinese Contract Law, analyzes the co-existence of repudiation and anticipatory breach and accomplishes the comprehensive judgment.更多还原