【作者】 杨铭枢；

【导师】 荆国林；

【作者基本信息】 东北石油大学 ， 化学工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 这个项目是紧密结合油田现场实际提出的,涉及到油田采出液的变化情况认识,集输系统药剂的配伍性,工艺与操作合理性等问题。按项目技术服务合同内容要求,经过理论研究、室内研究试验和现场试验已找到采出水处理不达标的主要的原因,提出了下一步工作的技术方向。在对油田采出液的认识上,我们清醒地看到“黑水”在联合站油水系统的踪迹,经检测硫化物在10-20 mg/L之间,说明在杀菌效果不好的情况下可以产生潜在的腐蚀;同时也表明系统中管道、容器内防腐也存在一定的问题。腐蚀产物的出现不仅影响油田化学剂的药效而且会造成原油和污水水质的长期不达标运行,甚至堵塞油层、影响油田采收率。这项计划研究的另一项重要的内容是回答现场目前使用的药剂的针对性和使用效率高低的问题。也就是药剂的化学结构与配伍性试验。室内研究时取药剂1、2、3、4、5mL,在20℃室温下,以300倍生物显微镜或肉眼观察不同药剂比例混配时的物性变化。这个试验共进行了7种药剂145组725个观测点,历时四个月。其结果见表11:7种药剂中防垢缓蚀剂、杀菌剂配伍性较好,其他药剂比例接近时有特殊气味生成,特别是油水分离剂与无机絮凝剂接触能产生乳白色悬浮物,说明有新物质出现或改变了药剂原有性能,油水分离剂、滤料清洗剂有继续提高性能的空间。加药工艺所设定的加药点的合理性也会影响油水分离效果的相关指标,如硫化物转化剂作用不足问题;絮凝剂的加药点应前移;并保证反冲洗污水回收池清淤的正常进行。加大物理化学法对硫酸盐还原菌杀灭的实施力度。现场试验观测数据表明:过滤罐进出口的污水含油,换药前一次滤罐出口含油11.2mg/L,悬浮物16.4mg/L;二次滤罐出口含油5.7mg/L;悬浮物11.3mg/L。换成改进药剂后,一次滤罐出口含油降到7.2mg/L,悬浮物降到9.7mg/L;二次滤罐出口含油为4.5 mg/L;悬浮物为6.1mg/L。总体下降幅度是含油下降1.2 mg/L,悬浮物下降5.2mg/L。新配制的滤料清洗剂试验期间送样,由大庆油田设计研究院检测,结果表明:宋二联污水二次5#滤罐出口含油为2.10 mg/L ;悬浮物为2.89 mg/L ;小于2μm粒径所占比例已达85%,应当说滤料清洗试验在现场取得了初步的成功。更多还原

【Abstract】 The project is in close connection with the actual proposed oil field, oil recovery related to changes in fluid understanding, gathering and transportation system, compatibility agents, technical and operational issues such as rationality. Technical service contracts in accordance with the contents of the project requirements, through theoretical research, indoor test and field test studies have found non-standard treatment recovery of the main reasons put forward the technical direction of the next step.Oilfield in the understanding of fluid, we clearly see the“black water”in the joint exhibition traces of oil-water system, after detection of sulfide in the 10-20 mg / L between the bactericidal effect in the case of poor can give rise to any potential corrosion; also show that the system of pipes, containers are also some corrosion problems. The appearance of corrosion products affect not only the efficacy oilfield chemicals and crude oil and sewage can cause long-term water quality standards do not run, or even plug the oil, the impact of oil recovery.The plans to study another important element is the answer to on-site targeted agents currently in use and efficiency of high or low. Pharmacy is the chemical structure and compatibility test. Interior study, take the Pharmacy 1,2,3,4,5 mL, at 20℃room temperature to 300 times the biological microscope or the naked eye when mixed with different pharmaceutical properties of the ratio change. The test carried out 7 Pharmacy 145 Group 725 observation points, which lasted four months. The results shown in Table 11:7 in the anti-scaling inhibitor insecticides, fungicides better compatibility, the proportion of other agents with special odor generated close to the time, especially oil and water separation agent and the inorganic flocculant suspensions exposure can produce white, indicating emergence of new material or change the original properties of pharmaceutical, oil and water separation agent, filter cleaning agent to continue to improve performance space.Technology Dosing set point will also affect the rationality of the effect of oil-water separation-related indicators, such as the role of sulfide into the problem of inadequate doses; Flocculent Dosing should be moved forward; and to ensure pool backwash water recovery normal dredging. Increase the physical and chemical sulfate-reducing bacteria on the implementation of efforts to kill.Dosing Dosing process set point will also affect the rationality of the related oil and water separation index, such as sulfides Agents for the problem of insufficient; flocculant dosing point should be moved forward; and ensure that anti-rinse water recovery tank clean the normal silt. Increase the physical and chemical methods on sulfate-reducing bacteria to kill the intensity.Observational data show that the field test: filter can import and export of waste water containing oil, a filter tank before dressing the export of oil 11.2mg / L, SS 16.4mg / L; secondary filter can export oil 5.7mg / L; SS 11.3mg / L. Changed to improve the Pharmacy, the first export of oil tank filter down to 7.2mg / L, suspended solids down to 9.7mg / L; secondary filter can export oil to 4.5 mg / L; suspended matter 6.1mg / L. Overall decline is the decline in oil 1.2 mg / L, suspensions dropped 5.2mg / L. The new test preparation of filter cleaning agent during the sample from the Daqing Oilfield Design and Research Institute, and the results show: Song 2 of 5 # of Sewage secondary filter can export oil to 2.10 mg / L; SS was 2.89 mg / L; small 2μm particle size in the proportion reached 85%, should be said that tests at the scene cleaning filter made initial success.更多还原