【作者】 侯永亮；

【导师】 王德木；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 中共党史， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 中国共产党对毛泽东思想的认识包括党对毛泽东思想的含义、理论体系、灵魂以及指导地位的认识。党对毛泽东思想的认识经历了一个曲折复杂的发展过程。这个过程大致可分为四个阶段:第一阶段是从1921年7月至1935年1月,这一阶段是党对毛泽东思想认识的初始阶段。党首先认识到了马列主义对中国革命的指导作用,其次党的部分领导人开始认识到马列主义基本原理与中国革命具体实际相结合的必要性,再次是认识到了马列主义基本原理与中国革命具体实际相结合的部分成果,其认识是一步步前进的。但是这个阶段的认识,只是部分领导人的认识,而不是全党的认识,而且由于毛泽东思想还没有发展到形成完整体系的程度,因而也只是对毛泽东思想部分内容的认识,还不可能形成对整个理论体系的认识。第二阶段是从1935年1月至1957年6月,这一阶段是党对毛泽东思想认识的第一次飞跃。与前十四年相比,党对马列主义基本原理与中国革命具体实际相结合必要性的认识由部分领导人的认识发展到全党的认识,对毛泽东思想内容的认识由对局部的认识上升到对理论体系整体的认识,并对理论体系进行了归纳和命名,同时对毛泽东思想的指导地位也有了科学的认识。但是这一阶段党并没有区分毛泽东思想与毛泽东个人的思想,而是把二者混同起来。由于这一阶段毛泽东个人的思想基本是正确的,因而混淆毛泽东思想与毛泽东个人的思想并没有在实践中造成什么危害。第三阶段是从1957年6月至1978年12月,这一阶段是党对毛泽东思想认识发展的曲折阶段。由于前一阶段没有区分毛泽东思想与毛泽东个人的思想,因而当1957年6月反右扩大化以后,即毛泽东个人的思想出现失误并越来越严重的时候,混淆二者界限在实践上的弊端就很明显的显现出来。第四阶段是从1978年12月至今,这一阶段是党对毛泽东思想认识的第二次飞跃。这一阶段党对毛泽东思想的认识得到了升华,党对毛泽东思想的科学含义、理论体系、灵魂以及指导地位的认识都达到了新的高度。最主要的有两点。一是区分了毛泽东思想与毛泽东个人的思想,进而区分了毛泽东思想与毛泽东的晚年错误,使我们党既纠正了毛泽东晚年的错误,又坚持了毛泽东思想的指导地位。二是科学把握了毛泽东思想理论体系的灵魂,并在实践中得到成功运用,从而创立了邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观,即中国特色社会主义理论体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The CPC’s understandings of Mao Zedong Thought include the meaning of Mao Zedong Thought, the theoretical system, and the soul as well as the guiding position. The Party’s understanding of Mao Zedong Thought has gone through a tortuous and complicated process. This process can be divided into four stages: The first stage is from July 1921 to January 1935, this stage is the party’s understanding of Mao Zedong Thought, the initial stage. The Party first recognized that the Marxist-Leninist’s guiding role to the Chinese revolution. Then a number of party leaders began to recognize the necessity of combination of the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete reality of Chinese revolution. Followed the Party recognized the partial results of the combination of basic principles of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete practice of China’s revolution. The understanding was a step forward. However, it was only part of the leaders understanding rather than understanding of the whole party. Otherwise, for the Mao Zedong Thought has not yet developed to the extent of a complete system, so this is only part of the understanding of Mao Zedong Thought.The second stage is from January 1935 to June 1957, this stage is the Party’s understanding of Mao Zedong Thought, the first leap. Compared with the previous fourteen years, the party’s understanding of combination necessity of basic principles of Marxism-Leninism and the concrete realities of China’s revolution changed. The understanding changed as follows: from part of the leaders to the whole party; from in local to a whole (the contents of Mao Zedong Thought); and the theoretical system is summarized and naming. In the same time, the guiding role of Mao Zedong Thought has also been scientific knowledge. However, at this stage the Party did not distinguish between Mao Zedong Thought and personal Mao Zedong Thought. They confused the two. Since Mao Zedong’s personal thoughts at this stage is basically correct, and thus confusing Mao Zedong Thought and the individual does not pose any harm in practice. The third stage is from June 1957 to December 1978, this stage is a tortuous stage for the party’s understanding of Mao Zedong Thought. As the previous stage does not distinguish between Mao Zedong Thought and the individual’s thinking, so when the anti-rightist campaign in June 1957 magnify later (when personal Mao Zedong Thought first made mistake and made more and more serious mistakes), the confusion between the two boundaries in practice apparent clearly drawbacks.The fourth stage is from December 1978 till now; this stage is the second leap of the Party’s understanding of Mao Zedong Thought. This stage, the party’s understanding of Mao Zedong Thought has been sublimated. The party’s understanding of Mao Zedong Thought, the scientific meaning of theoretical system, as well as the guiding status of the soul has reached a new height. There are two points: first, the Party distinguished between the personal thought and Mao Zedong Thought, so we understand the mistakes in Mao’s later years and corrected it. We also adhere to the guiding role of Mao Zedong Thought. Another point is we scientific grasp the soul of the theoretical system of Mao Zedong Thought and has been successfully used in practice, thus we create the Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thinking of“Three Represents”, and the scientific concept of development, namely, theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics.更多还原