【作者】 马小飞；

【导师】 李捷；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络是由布置在检测区域内大量的廉价微型传感器节点组成,通过无线通信方式形成的一个多跳的自组织的网络系统。现已广泛应用于军事、环境监测和现代化农业等方面,具有重要的研究意义和实用价值。高效节能是该网络的首要设计目标,以延长网络寿命。作为网络拓扑控制研究的重点:网络覆盖度和连通度对网络耗能的影响十分重大。本文首先对无线传感器网络的基础知识和研究意义等进行了介绍。详细阐述了影响无线传感器网络能耗的重要指标-拓扑控制中的诸多影响参数。在此基础上,从分簇拓扑、连通性、覆盖度三个方面进行综合考虑,提出了一种新的分簇协议,将新方法和传统方法比较,取得了一些有意义的成果,具体工作如下:1提出了基于连通覆盖度的无线传感器分簇协议,该协议依据分而治之的原则。利用最大熵原理在保证网络连通覆盖度的前提下对网络进行初始化分簇,选出临时簇头后,在每个簇内执行CDS选取和簇头优化更新以及替补簇头节点的选取,最后利用最短路径算法导出的最低成本路径算法进行簇间和簇内通信。仿真实验表明,该方法与同类协议相比,更能够增强网络的连通覆盖度,不仅均衡了能量消耗,延长了网络生存时间,而且具有较强的可扩展性和鲁棒性。2从无线传感器网络安全方面考虑,对所提出的基于连通覆盖的分簇协议结合经济学博弈论中的VCG拍卖模型,设计出了一个报真实能量值的激励机制设计方案,以保障在簇头选举中各节点能真实地报出自己的剩余能量。并对该机制进行了性能分析验证。经过性能分析,在数据包传输率、真实能量报价、数据延时和链路负载等方面有了较大改善,更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless sensor network is composed by a large number of low-cost tiny sensor nodes deployed in the detection region, which is a self-organized multi-hop network formed by the wireless communication. Due to its significance for research as well as practice, now it has been already widely used in many areas such as military, environmental monitoring, modern agriculture etc. Energy-efficiency is the primary goal of this network which aims to extend its lifetime. As the focus of network topology control, coverage and connectivity have a great effect on the energy consumption of the network.This thesis firstly introduces the basic knowledge of wireless sensor network and the significance of the research, expounding the various parameters in the topology control which influence the energy assumption of wireless sensor network. Then, after a comprehensive study from the following three aspects: the cluster-based topology, connectivity and coverage, the thesis proposed a new clustering protocol, which is of significance when compared with the traditional ones. The main work is as follows:First, it proposes a coverage-connectivity clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks, which is based on the“divide and rule”principle. The protocol makes use of maximum entropy principle to do the primary clustering under the premise of coverage-connectivity. When the temporary cluster heads are chosen, in each cluster, CDS will be operated, the cluster will be optimized and updated, and the substitutive head will be selected. Finally, in the adoption of the lowest-cost path algorithm derived from the shortest path algorithm, the protocol realizes the communication within and among clusters. Simulation experiments show that compared with the former classical clustering protocol, our protocol can improve the coverage-connectivity of the network: it not only balancing the energy assumption and lengthens the lifetime of the network, but also possesses strong salability and robust.Second, regarding the security of wireless sensor networks, this thesis combines the VCG auction model in Game Theory and proposes an Incentive mechanism design to ensure that each node can report its trueful residual energy in the head selection. Besides, the thesis also conducts the Performance Verification, whose result shows that the Incentive mechanism design achieves great progress in Packet Delivery Ratio, End-to-End Delay and Link Load Balancing.更多还原